Automated combined unit with universal tillage adapter

The paper shows that using an automated combined unit with a universal tillage adapter for surface tillage represents a relevant and promising direction in the development of agricultural machinery. (Research purpose) The study aims to develop an automated combined unit equipped with a universal adapter designed to improve soil quality and increase the stability of the unit’s movement. (Materials and methods) The tillage adapter consists of two arc-shaped segments mounted at the front on a common axis that allows rotation. The rear sections contain a mini-hydraulic cylinder, which is remotely connected to the wireless actuator of the unit’s hydraulic system. The arcuate segments are equipped with replaceable cutting attachments and measure 25 centimeters in length. Mounted on a common axis with these segments, a holder is installed at the top at an angle of 40-45 degrees to the horizontal plane, while a saber-shaped slotter is positioned at the bottom at an angle of 15-20 degrees. (Results and discussion) It was discovered that the developed unit, equipped with an innovative adapter, facilitates three simultaneous operations: cutting the soil in a horizontal plane, loosening the soil, and eliminating weeds. Additionally, the working width of the device can be automated adjusted from the tractor cabin. The design of the unit improves tillage quality, increases movement stability, protects segments from wear and reduces manufacturing costs. (Conclusions) The proposed combined soil tillage unit provides crumbling, leveling, rolling and slicing of soil, and improves soil infi ltration. The location of the holder and slotting device with an inclination to the horizontal plane of 40-45 and 15-20 degrees, respectively, reduces the traction resistance of the unit and reduces energy costs.

1. Tukhtakuziev A. Ensuring the uniformity of tillage depth. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2019. Vol. 13. N3. 34-38 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2019-13-3-34-38.

2. Abdulkhaev Kh.G., Khalilov M.M. Determining the parameters of leveler-ripper shanks. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2019. Vol. 13. N3. 44-47 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-201913-3-44-47.

3. Lobachevskiy Ya.P., Liskin I.V., Sidorov S.A. et al. Working out and production technique of soil cultivating working tools. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2016. N4. 3-8 (In Russian). EDN: WLZXPD.

4. Lobachevskiy Ya.P., Mironov D.A., Mironova A.V. Increasing the operating lifetime of wearable working bodies of agricultural machines. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2023. Vol. 17. N1. 41-50 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-1-41-50.

5. Tsench Yu.S., Akhalaya B.Kh., Mironova A.V. Soil-cultivating and sowing unit for the restoration of erosion-hazardous land. Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area. 2022. N12 (306). 16-20 (In Russian). DOI: 10.33267/2072-9642-2022-12-16-20.

6. Dzhibilov S.M., Gulueva L.R. Restoring technology and a seeding unit for recovering mountain meadow and pasture ecosystems. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2023. Vol. 17. N2. 20-27 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-2-20-27.

7. Akhalaya B.H., Tsench Yu.S., Mironova A.V. Tillage unit with an automated control device adjusting the width of the grip. Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area. 2023. N9 (315). 12-15 (In Russian). DOI: 10.33267/2072-9642-2023-9-12-15.

8. Starovoytov S.I., Grin А.М. Working tool for precision tillage. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2022, Vol. 16. N1. 47-52 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-1-47-52.

9. Dzhibilov S.M., Guluyeva L.R. Unit for splitting degraded mountain meadows and pastures based on a mini tractor. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. Vol. 16. N4. 68-73 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-4-68-73.

10. Mudarisov S.G., Rakhimov Z.Sh. Impact of the technical means and technologies on mechanical soil erosion on slopes. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. Vol. 14. N2. 17-22 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-2-17-22.

11. Spirin A.P., Sizov O.A., Akhalaya B.H. Resource-saving machine technology of spring cultivation grain crops in the arid regions of the Volga region. Agricultural Machinery and Technology. 2009. N2(9). 38-41 (In Russian). EDN: KDNDIR.

12. Izmailov A.Yu., Lobachevsky Ya.P., Sizov O.A. Promising ways of using energy and environmentally efficient machine technologies and technical means. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2013. N4. 8-11 (In Russian). EDN: QZKYNV.

13. Lachuga Yu.F., Izmaylov A.Yu., Lobachevskiy Ya.P., Mazitov N.K. Soil-cultivating machinery: ways of import substitution. Agricultural Machinery and Technology. 2017. N2. 37-42 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/207375992017.2.3741.

14. Izmailov A.Yu., Lobachevsky Ya.P., Khoroshenkov V.K. etc. Optimization of technological process management in plant growing. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2018. Vol. 12. N3. 4-11 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-3-4-11.

15. Akhalaya B.Kh., Shogenov Yu.Kh., Starovoytov S.I., Shogenov A.Kh. Multi-operational combined machine. Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area. 2022. N10(304). 14- 17 (In Russian). DOI: 10.33267/2072-9642-2022-10-14-17.

16. Lobachevsky Ya.P., Starovoitov S.I., Akhalaya B.H., Tsench Yu.S. Digital technologies in tillage. Innovations in Agriculture. 2019. N1 (30). 191-197 (In Russian). EDN: ZAWQJF.

17. Akhalaya B.Kh., Shogenov Yu.Kh. Automated multifunctional soil-processing unit. Russian Agricultural Scien ces. 2017. N6. 55-58 (In Russian). EDN: ZXLBDL.

18. Kambulov S.I., Parkhomenko G.G., Babenko O.S., Bozhko I.V. Influence of the cultivator working body parameters on the soil crumbling quality. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. Vol. 16. N1. 41-46 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-1-41-46.

19. Akhalaya B.Kh., Shogenov Yu.Kh., Mironova A.V., Zolotarev A.S. Multi-operational tillage unit. Agricultural Engineering. 2022. Vol. 24. N4. 28-31 (In Russian). DOI: 10.26897/2687-1149-2022-4-28-31.

20. Khalilov Sh.M., Khalilov M.B., Zhuk A.F. Combined tillage machines and performance of their application. Dagestan GAU Proceedings. 2019. N2(2). 87-92 (In Russian). EDN: XVXPBL.