Assessment of the Negative Environmental Impact of Technological Processes in Crop Production

The primary factor contributing to the increase in anthropogenic impact on the environment is the intensification of agricultural production, driven by substantial investments of material resources and financial capital aimed at increasing output and enhancing the economic efficiency of crop production. As a result, the analysis, assessment, forecasting, and management of the anthropogenic impact of intensive mechanized technologies are becoming priority areas of scientific research. (Research purpose) This study aims to develop a mathematical model for the comprehensive assessment of the negative environmental impact caused by technological processes in agriculture. (Materials and methods) The research is based on the analysis of scientific publications and regulatory documents concerning the environmental impact assessments of technological processes in intensive agricultural systems. Key indicators used for evaluating the environmental impact in agroecosystems include soil pesticide concentration, fertilizer application rate and distribution uniformity, as well as the presence of erosion-prone soil particles. (Results and discussion) A generalized criterion, the probabilistic coefficient ψтр , which tends toward unity, was proposed to assess the degree of negative environmental impact.. A mathematical model was developed to calculate the potential environmental impact of technological processes in crop production. (Conclusions) The results indicate that if the technological processes cause no significant negative impact on the environment, the value of the coefficient is less than or equal to one. If exceeds one, it signals a negative environmental effect and the need for mitigation measures to minimize anthropogenic pressure on the natural environment.

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