Thermophysical Coefficients of Mustard Seeds Grain-Air Mixture under High-Temperature Conditions

The paper highlights that modeling the drying process of mustard seed samples using thermogravimetric moisture measurement enables the identification of the most effective design options for drying chambers. In this process, mustard seeds form a grain-air mixture with specific thermophysical properties. (Research purpose) To measure the key thermophysical coefficients of the mustard grain-air mixture at different moisture content levels and high temperatures. (Materials and methods) Mustard seed samples with moisture content ranging from 3.24 to 15.07 percent were used. The cylindrical layer method enables uniform heat distribution by positioning the heater at the center of the material layer. Experimental setups were designed to measure the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity coefficients of the mustard seeds, while the volumetric and specific heat capacity coefficients were calculated. (Results and discussion) Graphs illustrating the dependence of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, volumetric and specific heat capacity, as well as the bulk density of the mustard seed grain-air mixture on moisture content were constructed. Approximating functions for these dependencies were identified within the studied range. (Conclusions') In the moisture content ranged from 3.24 to 15.07 percent, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the mustard seed grain-air mixture increases from 0.156 to 0.176 kW/(m·K); the thermal diffusivity coefficient rises from 6.29·10^-8 to 7.70·10^-8 m²/s; while the volumetric heat capacity of the mixture decreases from 2490.8 to 2286.9 kJ/(m³·K). It was found that the bulk density initially increases within the same moisture content range, reaching a maximum at around 7.5 percent, and then decreases. Conversely, the specific heat capacity decreases to a minimum point at approximately 9 percent moisture content, and then begins to rise.

1. Zagoruiko M., Marin R. Heat and mass transfer in the grain under variable conditions. Agrarian Scientific Journal. 2021. 84-87 (In Russian). DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2021i7pp84-87.

2. Pavlov S.A., Pekhal'skiy I.A., Marin R.A. Experimental studies of mass transfer in caryopsis at grain oscillating drying. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2016. N4. 32-37 (In Russian).

3. Ol'shanskii A.I., Zhernosek S.V., Gusarov A.M. Investigation of heat and mass transfer in the processes of heat treatment and drying of thermal insulation materials. Energetika. Proceedings of CIS Higher Education Institutions and Power Engineering Associations. 2022. Vol. 65. N2. 156-168 (In Russian). DOI: 10.21122/1029-7448-2022-65-2-156-168.

4. Pavlov S.A., Levina N.S., Lukin I.D. Research of selection seeds drying in dense layer. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2018. Vol. 12. N1. 22-26 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-1-22-26.

5. Sorochinsky V.F., Dogadin A.L. Change of limits for humidity and temperature when drying grain crops. Storage and Processing of Farm Products. 2019. N1. 47-56 (In Russian). DOI: 10.36107/spfp.2019.78.

6. Yunin V.A., Zakharov A.M., Kuznetsov N.N., Zykov A.V. The drying process of crushed plant material in a drum dryer. Proceedings of the Lower Volga Agro-University Complex. 2020. N1(57). 335-349 (In Russian). DOI: 10.32786/2071-9485-2020-01-33.

7. Kalandarov PV. Assessment of the accuracy of the thermogravimetric method for measuring humidity and the effectiveness of the application of this method in the agro-industrial complex. Metrology. 2021. N2. 44-62 (In Russian). DOI: 10.32446/0132-4713.2021-2-44-62.

8. Avezova N.I., Matyakubova P.M., Boboyev G.G. Ways to Develop Innovative Processes in Grain Production. ICISCT. 2019. N1-4 (In English). DOI: 10.1109/ICISCT47635.2019.9012034.

9. Eroshenko G.P., Sharuev N.K., Sharuev V.N., Evstafyev D.P Design features electrical devices control parameters of agricultural products. Measurement Techniques. 2018. N10. 61-65 (In Russian). DOI: 10.32446/0368-1025it.2018-10-61-65.

10. Drincha Ү.М., Tsench Yu.S. Fundamentals and prospects for the technologies development for post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2020. Vol. 14. N4. 17-25 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-4-17-25.

11. Shevtsov A.A., Lytkina L.I., Tkach V.V. et al. Modeling of heat treatment of oilseeds high temperature coolant. Storage and Processing of Farm Production. 2018. N4. 163-171 (In Russian). DOI: 10.36107/spfp.2018.68.

12. Sorokovaya N.N., SnezhkinYu.F., Shapar' R.A., Sorokovoi R.Ya. Mathematical simulation and optimization of the continuous drying of thermolabile materials. Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics. 2019. Vol. 92. N3. 1180-1190 (In English). DOI: 10.1007/s10891-019-02032-3.

13. Glucharev V.A., Sivitskiy D.V., Popov I.N., Verzilin A.A. Optimization of parameters of energy unit drying agent for grain crops drying. Agrarian Scientific Journal. 2018. N 5. 42-45 (In Russian). DOI: 10.28983/asj.v0i5.349.

14. Kutuzov S.V., Vasil'chenko G.N., Chirka T.V., Panov E.N. Heat conductivity of carbon materials. New Refractories. 2013. N1. 43-48 (In Russian). DOI: 10.36107/spfp.2018.68.

15. Paziuk V Study of the properties of rapeseed as a drying object. Engineering, Energy, TransportAIC. 2023. 86-93 (In English). DOI: 10.37128/2520-6168-2023-1-10.

16. Drannikov A.V., Tertychnaya T.N., Shevtsov A.A. et al. Investigation of the thermophysical characteristics of the Gorka variety triticale grain by the non-stationary thermal regime method. Proceedings of VSUET. 2021. Vol. 83. N2. 17-22 (In Russian). DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2021-2-17-22.

17. Ropelewska E., Jankowski K.J., Zapotoczny P., Bogucka B. Thermophysical and chemical properties of seeds of traditional and double low cultivars of white mustard. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture. 2018. N105 (3). 257-264 (In English). DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2018.105.033.

18. Khodunkov V.P., ZarichnyakYu.P Promising methods for measuring the thermal conductivity of solids. Journal of Instrument Engineering. 2022. Vol. 65. N9.668-676 (In Russian). DOI: 10.17586/0021-3454-2022-65-9-668-676.

19. Kazakov A.L., Lempert A.A., Ta T.T. An algorithm for packing balls of two types in a three-dimensional set with a non-euclidean metric. Numerical Methods and Programming. 2020. 21. N2. 152-163 (In Russian). DOI: 10.26089/NumMet.v21r213.

20. Ponomarev S.V., Bulanov E.V., Bulanova V.O., Divin A.G. Minimizing the errors of heat-insulating materials heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity measuring by the method of plane pulse source of heat. Measurement Techniques. 2018. N12. 43-45 (In Russian). DOI: 10.32446/0368- 1025it.2018-12-43-45.

21. Tymchik G. Improving the way of determination substances thermal physical characteristics by direct heating thermistor method. Przegląd elektrotechniczny. 2019. N1. 123-128 (In English). DOI: 10.15199/48.2019.04.21.