Substantiation of harvesting and transportation processes in selection technologies

Abstract

High-quality seeds are the lowest-cost factor in increasing agricultural production. One of the most important stages in breeding and seed production is the harvesting and transport process. According to the current regulations the seeds of higher reproductions are stored and transported in a bagged form. Cloth sacks are usually used in seed production. In this case, the filling and emptying of bags is performed exclusively by hand. The costs associated with the packaging and storage of ready-to-use seeds in the sack tare reach 15-20 percent (excluding the cost of bags) of the total cost of seed preparation for sowing. With the aim of mechanizing manual labor in the III and IV stages of breeding, the sack tare is replaced with containers. VIM developed a container method for harvesting and post-harvest processing of grain seeds at the penultimate stage of the internal selection of seeds with yields in a nursery of 1.5-3.0 t and gross yield from all nurseries to 15 t. Energy consumption at container technology use is 6.7 times less than at the base one, operating costs – 4.79, labor costs – 2.59, fuel consumption – 4.84 times.