Justification of design of disk сovering working element in onion planter

Abstract

One of necessary vegetable cultures in agricultural production is onion which production has to satisfy requirements of the population. The most responsible operation at cultivation of bulbous cultures is planting of bulbs as receiving qualitative products requires uniform distribution of bulbs focused by a stem down along a furrow. Covering working elements affect the provision of bulbs in a furrow at their planting. The authors justificated a design of the disk covering elements in onion planter, worked out a design of laboratory installation and a technique for carrying out of researches. Several options of working elements designs were studied: smooth spherical disks; spherical disks with straight soil guides; spherical disks with curvilinear soil guides. The uniformity of distribution and quantity of the down stem bulbs covering with use of curvilinear soil guide disk are bettr than with use of rectilinear ones pochvonapravitel or smooth spherical disks, on average by 2.6 and 1.8 percent respectively, in a speed interval from 0.8 to 1.2 m/s. The quantity of the stem down bulbs covering by the soil makes 95 percent, and uniformity of bulbs distribution equals 93.8 percent when using disk covering working element with curvilinear soil guides at a speed of 1 m/s and the angle of 25 degrees between the horizontal diameter and the direction of disk forward motion.