<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2025-19-2-64-71</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GKNLWD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-669</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Автоматизированный машинно-тракторный агрегат для кормопроизводства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Automated Machine-Tractor Unit for Grass Mowing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годжаев</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Godzhaev</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захид Адыгезалович Годжаев, доктор технических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakhid A. Godzhaev, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fic51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Анатольевич Васильев, доктор технических наук, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Чебоксары; Княгинино</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Vasilyev, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), senior lecturer</p><p>Cheboksary; Nizhny Novgorod Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsa_21@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Мишин, старший преподаватель</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Mishin, assistant lecturer</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">supers.ya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рузанов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruzanov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Валентинович Рузанов, генеральный директор</p><p>Красногорск, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Ruzanov, general director</p><p>Krasnogorsk, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ruza2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова; Нижегородский государственный инженерно-экономический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov; Nizhny Novgorod State University of Engineering and Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Фарватер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Farvater LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Годжаев З.А., Васильев С.А., Мишин С.А., Рузанов Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Годжаев З.А., Васильев С.А., Мишин С.А., Рузанов Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Godzhaev Z.A., Vasilyev S.A., Mishin S.A., Ruzanov E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/669">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/669</self-uri><abstract><p>Точное земледелие значительно развивается в последние годы благодаря достижениям в области роботизации и автоматизации. В научной статье разработали автоматизированный сельскохозяйственный машинно-тракторный агрегат (МТА) путем использования универсальных мехатронных модулей систем его управления для скашивания трав. (Цель исследования) Разработать функционально-технологическую схему автоматизированного МТА и универсальные мехатронные модули, устанавливаемые на механические органы управления оператора, для автоматического выполнения технологического процесса скашивания трав. (Материалы и методы) Разработана функционально-технологическая схема МТА. Машинно-тракторный агрегат состоит из системы дистанционного управления, трактора, системы контроля и управления доступом (СКУД) к МТА и технологической машины. Описана методика автоматического управления МТА на агроландшафте. Выполнено теоретическое обоснование конструктивно-технологических параметров универсальных мехатронных модулей для управления сцеплением и тормозной системой. Проведен расчет механизма мехатронного модуля и определены: передаточное отношение винтовой передачи, ход винта и скорость перемещения гайки. Установлена зависимость изменения скорости хода педали (угла перемещения педали) от скорости перемещения гайки мехатронного модуля воздействия. Разработано программное обеспечение на языке программирования для контроллера управления универсальными мехатронными модулями. (Результаты и обсуждение) Дистанционным способом, используя пульт оператора, реализовали автоматическое управление МТА, в составе колесного трактора ЛТЗ-120Б + роторной косилки КРН-2,4, на агроландшафте. Провели полевое тестирование взаимодействия программы с аппаратной частью универсальных мехатронных модулей систем управления МТА. Сравнительные экспериментальные исследования с оператором и в автоматическом режиме (с применением мехатронных приводов) проведены при выполнении операции кошения травы машинно-тракторным агрегатом при прямолинейном движении. (Выводы) Предварительные исследования автоматизированного сельскохозяйственного машинно-тракторного агрегата показали, что значения эксплуатационных показателей при работе с косилкой находятся в допустимых пределах, например производительность за 1 час основного времени составила 3,56 гектара, рабочая скорость движения – 10±0,3 км/ч, а высота среза трав – 8±1 сантиметров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recent advancements in robotics and automation have significantly contributed to the progress of precision agriculture. This study presents the development of an automated machine-tractor unit (MTU) designed for grass mowing, incorporating universal mechatronic control modules. (Research purpose) The purpose of this research is to design a functional and technological scheme for an automated machine-tractor unit and to develop universal mechatronic modules that can be mounted onto the mechanical control elements typically operated by a human driver. These modules are intended to enable the automated execution of the grass mowing process. (Materials and methods) A functional and technological scheme of the machine-tractor unit was developed. The unit consists of a remote control system, a tractor, an access control and management system (ACMS), and a technological implement. The methodology for the automatic control of the machine-tractor unit in an agro-landscape was described. A theoretical justification was provided for the design and technological parameters of the universal mechatronic modules used to control the clutch and braking systems. Calculations were conducted for the mechatronic module mechanism, including the determination of the screw drive gear ratio, screw travel, and nut displacement speed. A functional relationship was established between the pedal stroke velocity (change in pedal angle) and the nut displacement speed in the mechatronic actuation module. Control software for the universal mechatronic modules was developed using a programming language suitable for the selected controller. (Results and discussion) Automatic control of the machine-tractor unit was successfully implemented in an agro-landscape setting using a remote control panel, an LTZ-120B wheeled tractor, and a KRN-2.4 rotary mower. Field tests were conducted to evaluate the interaction between the control software and the hardware components of the universal mechatronic control modules. Comparative experimental studies were performed during straight-line mowing operations to evaluate the system performance under both manual control (with an operator) and automated control (using mechatronic actuators). (Conclusions) Preliminary tests of the automated agricultural machine-tractor unit demonstrated that its operational performance indicators remained within acceptable limits during mower-assisted operations. Specifically, the system achieved a productivity rate of 3.56 hectares per hour of effective operation, maintained a working speed of 10 ± 0.3 kilometers per hour, and ensured a grass cutting height of 8 ± 1 centimeters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автоматизация</kwd><kwd>машинно-тракторный агрегат</kwd><kwd>универсальные</kwd><kwd>мехатронные модули</kwd><kwd>системы управления</kwd><kwd>скашивание трав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>automation</kwd><kwd>machine-tractor unit</kwd><kwd>universal</kwd><kwd>mechatronic modules</kwd><kwd>control systems</kwd><kwd>grass mowing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren X., Huang B., Yin H. A review of the large-scale application of autonomous mobility of agricultural platform. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2023. 206. 107628. DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2023.107628.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren X., Huang B., Yin H. A review of the large-scale application of autonomous mobility of agricultural platform. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2023. 206. 107628 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2023.107628.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noguchi N. Agricultural vehicle robot. Journal of Robo­tics and Mechatronics. 2018. 30(2). 165-172. DOI: 10.20965/jrm.2018.p0165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noguchi N. Agricultural vehicle robot. Journal of Robo­tics and Mechatronics. 2018. 30(2). 165-172 (In English). DOI: 10.20965/jrm.2018.p0165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bochtis D.D., Sоrensen C.G.C., Busato P. Advances in agricultural machinery management: A review. Biosyst. Eng. 2014. 126. 69-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystem­seng.2014.07.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bochtis D.D., Sоrensen C.G.C., Busato P. Advances in agricultural machinery management: A review. Biosyst. Eng. 2014. 126. 69-81(In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystem­seng.2014.07.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plessen M.G., Bemporad A. Reference trajectory planning under constraints and path tracking using linear time-varying model predictive control for agricultural machines. Biosyst. Eng. 2017. 153. 28-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystem­seng.2016.10.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plessen M.G., Bemporad A. Reference trajectory planning under constraints and path tracking using linear time-varying model predictive control for agricultural machines. Biosyst. Eng. 2017. 153. 28-41 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.10.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai Y. et al. Vision-based navigation and guidance for agricultural autonomous vehicles and robots: A review. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2023. 205. 107584. DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2022.107584.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai Y. et al. Vision-based navigation and guidance for agricultural autonomous vehicles and robots: A review. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2023. 205. 107584 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2022.107584.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Годжаев З.А., Гришин А.П., Гришин А.А., Гришин В.А. Беспилотное мобильное энергосредство сельскохозяйственного назначения // Тракторы и сельхозмашины. 2016. N10. С. 41-44. EDN: WWHVXJ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gojaev Z.A., Grishin A.P., Grishin A.A., Grishin V.A. Unmanned mobile power unit for agricultural purposes. Tractors and Agricultural Machinery. 2016. N10. 41-44 (In Russian). EDN: WWHVXJ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu L. et al. Path planning techniques for mobile robots: Review and prospect. Expert Syst. Appl. 2023. 227. 120254. DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120254.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu L. et al. Path planning techniques for mobile robots: Review and prospect. Expert Syst. Appl. 2023. 227. 120254 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120254.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alberto-Rodriguez A. et al. Review of control on agricultural robot tractors. Int. J. Comb. Optim. Probl. Inform. 2020. 11. 9-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alberto-Rodriguez A. et al. Review of control on agricultural robot tractors. Int. J. Comb. Optim. Probl. Inform. 2020. 11. 9-20 (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heikkilä M. et al. Unmanned agricultural tractors in private mobile. Networks. 2022. 2. 1-20. DOI: 10.3390/network2010001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heikkilä M. et al. Unmanned agricultural tractors in private mobile. Networks. 2022. 2. 1-20 (In English). DOI: 10.3390/network2010001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ненайденко А.С., Поддубный В.И., Валекжанин А.И. Моделирование управления движением колесной сельскохозяйственной машины в режиме реального времени // Тракторы и сельхозмашины. 2018. N3. С. 32-38. EDN: XSEMKD.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nenajdenko A.S., Poddubnyj V.I., Valekzhanin A.I. modeling the movement control of a wheeled agricultural machine in real time. Tractors and Agricultural Machinery. 2018. N3. 32-38 (In Russian). EDN: XSEMKD.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Измайлов А.Ю., Лобачевский Я.П., Ценч Ю.С. и др. О синтезе роботизированного сельскохозяйственного мобильного агрегата // Вестник российской сельскохозяйственной науки. 2019. N4. С. 63-68. EDN: GBEQZI.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izmaylov A.Yu., Lobachevsky YaA.P., Tsench Yu.S., et al. About synthesis of robotic agriculture mobile machine. Vestnik of the Russian Agricultural Science. 2019. N4. 63-68 (In Russian). DOI: 10.30850/vrsn/2019/4/63-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бейлис В.М., Ценч Ю.С., Коротченя В.М., Старовойтов С.И., Кынев Н.Г. Тенденции развития прогрессивных машинных технологий и техники в сельскохозяйственном производстве // Вестник ВИЭСХ. 2018. N4 (33). С. 150-156. EDN: YTHPID.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beylis V.M., Tsench Yu.S., Korotchenya V.M. et al. Trends in the development of advanced machine technologies and techniques in agricultural production. Vestnik VIESH. 2018. N4(33). 150-156 (In Russian). EDN: YTHPID.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yin X., Du J., Geng D., Jin C. Development of an automatically guided rice transplanter using RTK-GNSS and IMU. IFAC PapersOnLine. 2018. 51. 374-378. DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yin X., Du J., Geng D., Jin C. Development of an automati­cally guided rice transplanter using RTK-GNSS and IMU. IFAC PapersOnLine. 2018. 51. 374-378 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han J.-H. et al. Performance evaluation of an autonomously driven agricultural vehicle in an orchard environment. Sensors. 2021. 22. 114. DOI: 10.3390/s22010114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han J.-H. et al. Performance evaluation of an autonomously driven agricultural vehicle in an orchard environment. Sensors. 2021. 22. 114 (In English). DOI: 10.3390/s22010114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qiao N. et al. An improved path-tracking controller with mid-angle adaptive calibration for combine harvester. J. Instrum. 2020. 15. P1025. DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/01/P01025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qiao N. et al. An improved path-tracking controller with mid-angle adaptive calibration for combine harvester. J. Instrum. 2020. 15. P1025 (In English). DOI: 10.1088/ 1748-0221/15/01/P01025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев С.А., Васильев А.А., Затылков Н.И. Противоэрозионная контурная обработка почвы машинно-тракторными агрегатами на агроландшафтах склоновых земель // Вестник НГИЭИ. 2018. N 5 (84). С. 43-54. EDN: XNDFZR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilyev S.A., Vasilyev A.A., Zatylkov N. Anti-erosion contour tillage machine-tractor units on the agricultural landscapes of sloping land. Vestnik NGIEHI. 2018. N5 (84). 43-54 (In Russian). EDN: XNDFZR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Годжаев З.А., Шевцов В.Г., Лавров А.В. и др. Стратегия машинно-технологической модернизации сельского хозяйства России до 2030 года (Прогноз) // Технический сервис машин. 2019. N4(137). C. 220-229. EDN: DMOGNR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Godzhaev Z.А., Shevtsov V.G., Lavrov A.V. et al. strategy of russian agricultural machinery modernization until 2030 (forecast). Machinery Technical Service. 2019. N4(137). 220-229 (In Russian). EDN: DMOGNR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blok P. et al. Robot navigation in orchards with localization based on Particle filter and Kalman filter. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2019. N157. 261-269. DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2018.12.046.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blok P. et al. Robot navigation in orchards with localization based on Particle filter and Kalman filter. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2019. N157. 261-269 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2018.12.046.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D. H. et al. Analysis of driving performance evaluation for an unmanned. IFAC PapersOnLine. 2018. 51-17. 227-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.149. (In English).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D.H. et al. Analysis of driving performance evaluation for an unmanned. IFAC PapersOnLine. 2018. 51-17. 227-231 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Измайлов А. Ю., Лобачевский Я. П., Хорошенков В.К. и др. Оптимизация управления технологическими процессами в растениеводстве // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2018. Т. 12. N3. С. 4-11. DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-3-4-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izmailov A.Yu., Lobachevsky Ya.P., Khoroshenkov V.K. et al. Optimization of technological process management in plant growing. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2018. Vol. 12. N3. 4-11 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-3-4-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кряжков В.М., Годжаев З.А., Шевцов В.Г. и др. Проб­лемы формирования инновационного парка сельскохозяйственных тракторов России // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2015. N3. С. 9-14. EDN: TTLVRR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kryazhkov V.M., Godzhaev Z.A., Shevtsov V.G. et al. Problems of formation of russian innovative agricultural tractors fleet. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2015. N3. 9-14 (In Russian). EDN TTLVRR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
