<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2024-18-2-11-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JPLEGX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК 300 ЛЕТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES IS 300 YEARS OLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие систем управления полетом и средств аэрофотосъемки беспилотных воздушных судов сельскохозяйственного назначения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolution of flight control systems and aerial photography in unmanned agricultural aircraft</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ценч</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsench</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Сергеевна Ценч, доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya S. Tsench, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), chief researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанов</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanov</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашид Курбанович Курбанов, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rashid K. Kurbanov, Ph.D.(Eng.), leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Ивановна Захарова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Zakharova, junior researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smedia@vim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ценч Ю.С., Курбанов Р.К., Захарова Н.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ценч Ю.С., Курбанов Р.К., Захарова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsench Y.S., Kurbanov R.K., Zakharova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/575">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/575</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие технологий БПЛА позволяет совершать фото- и видеосъемку и при этом не отвлекаться на процесс управления полетом. (Цель исследования) Выполнить ретроспективный анализ совершенствования систем управления полетом и развития аппаратуры для аэрофотосъемки сельскохозяйственных земель с середины XIX века по настоящее время. (Материалы и методы) Выполнили систематический обзор литературы с помощью историко-аналитического метода. Изучили оригинальные работы отечественных и зарубежных авторов: монографии, научные журналы, материалы конференций, экспозиции музеев, фотоматериалы и исходный код программного обеспечения в открытом доступе. (Результаты и обсуждение) Выделено по шесть этапов развития средств аэрофотосъемки и систем управления полетом. Полученная периодизация основана на изменении вида камер, типа системы управления и конструкций летательных аппаратов. В каждом из этапов рассмотрены основные камеры, системы управления и летательные аппараты, используемые для выполнения задач в сельском хозяйстве. (Выводы) Установили параметры средств аэрофотосъемки, менявшиеся за 165 лет: фотоматериал, пространственное разрешение изображений, спектральное разрешение, масса и крепление камер, тип затворов и их приводы, инерциальный блок управления, встроенный GPS/ГЛОНАСС приемник, сенсор освещенности. Выявили параметры системы управления полетом беспилотного летательного аппарата, менявшиеся за 106 лет: тип управления полетом, число датчиков для стабилизации полета, система обнаружения препятствий, размер системы управления полетом, режимы полета, метод взлета/посадки, интерфейсы для навесного оборудования. Предположили, что дальнейшая интеллектуализация и миниатюризация систем управления полетом и аэросъемочной аппаратуры приведет к повышению производительности работы БПЛА и уменьшению экономических затрат на проведение мониторинга сельскохозяйственных биообъектов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The advancement of UAV technologies has enabled the automated capture of photos and videos, eliminating the need for manual intervention in flight control. (Research purpose) This research aims to conduct a retrospective analysis of the evolution offlight control systems and the development of aerial photography equipment for agricultural land, covering the period from the mid-19th century to present. (Materials and methods) A systematic literature review was conducted using the historical-analytical method. The paper examines original works by both domestic and international authors, including monographs, scientific journals, conference proceedings, museum exhibitions, photographic archives, and open-source software code. (Results and discussion) The paper identifies six distinct phases in the development of aerial photography and flight control systems. The classification is based on key innovations in camera types, control systems, and aircraft designs. Each phase highlights the predominant cameras, control systems, and aircraft utilized for agricultural applications. (Conclusions) Over the past 165 years, notable changes have occurred in aerial photography parameters, including the type of photographic material, image spatial and spectral resolution, camera weight and mounting, shutter types and their mechanisms, inertial control units, integrated GPS/GLONASS receivers, and light sensors. In terms of flight control systems for UAVs, significant developments over the last 106 years include variations in flight control types, the number offlight-stabilizing sensors, obstacle detection systems, size of the flight control units, flight modes, and takeoff/landing techniques, along with interfaces for attachments. It is anticipated that future intellectualization and miniaturization of flight control systems will not only boost UAV performance but also reduce the economic costs associated with the aerial monitoring of agricultural biological assets.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беспилотный летательный аппарат</kwd><kwd>аэрофотосъемка</kwd><kwd>аэрофотография</kwd><kwd>аэрофотоаппарат</kwd><kwd>фотограмметрия</kwd><kwd>система управления полетом</kwd><kwd>полетный контроллер</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd><kwd>история развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicle</kwd><kwd>aerial photography</kwd><kwd>aerial cameras</kwd><kwd>photogrammetry</kwd><kwd>flight control system</kwd><kwd>flight controller</kwd><kwd>remote sensing</kwd><kwd>developmental history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Степанченко А.Л. Виды картографических произведений, созданных по результатам межевания земель России в середине XIX века // Известия высших учебных заведений. Геодезия и аэрофотосъемка. 2018. Т. 62. N2. С. 152-156. DOI: 10.30533/0536-101X-2018-62-2-152-156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stepanchenko A.L.Types of cartographic products created using the data of land-surveying of Russia in the middle of the XIX century. Proceedings of Higher Educational Establishments. Godesy and Aerial Photography. 2018. Vol. 62. N2. 152-156 (In Russian). DOI: 10.30533/0536-101X-2018-62-2-152-156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim M.G. Balloon mania: news in the air. Endeavour. 2004. 28(4). 149-155. DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2004.04.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim M.G. Balloon mania: news in the air. Endeavour. 2004. 28(4). 149-155 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2004.04.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сергиенко Д. Дагеротип – «зеркало с памятью» // Троицкий вариант – Наука. 2020. N14(308). С. 12-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sergienko D. Daguerreotype – «the mirror with a memory». Troitsk Variant – Science. 2020. N14(308). 2-13 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Краснопевцев Б.В. Основные события истории фотограмметрии и воздушной съемки до 1918 года // Геодезия и картография. 1998. N8. С. 55-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasnopevtsev B. V. Milestones in the history of photogrammetry and aerial photography prior to 1918. Geo desy and Cartography. 1998. N8. 55-59 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collier P. Photogrammetry and aerial photography. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (second edition). 2020. 91-98. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10583-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collier P. Photogrammetry and aerial photography. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (2nd ed.). 2020. 91-98 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10583-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лобачевский Я.П., Дорохов А.С. Цифровые технологии и роботизированные технические средства для сельского хозяйства // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2021. N15(4). С. 6-10. DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-4-6-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lobachevskiy Ya.P., Dorokhov A.S. Digital technologies and robotic devices in the agriculture. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2021. Vol. 15. N4. 6-10. (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-4-6-10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ценч Ю.С., Курбанов Р.К. История развития систем управления беспилотных воздушных судов // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2023. Т. 17. N3. С. 4-15. DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-3-4-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsench Yu.S., Kurbanov R.K. History of unmanned aircraft flight controller development. Agricultural Machinery and Technologies. 2023. Vol. 17. N3. 4-15 (In Russian). DOI: 10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-3-4-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skoog A.I. The Alfred Nobel rocket camera. An early aerial photography attempt. Acta Astronautica. 2010. 66(3-4). 624-635. DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2009.06.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skoog A.I. The Alfred Nobel rocket camera. An early aerial photography attempt. Acta Astronautica. 2010. 66(3-4). 624-635 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2009.06.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кусов В.С. История аэрофотосъемки в фотографиях: славянский вклад // Известия высших учебных заведений. Геодезия и аэрофотосъемка. 1992. N6. С. 54-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kusov V. S. History of aerial photography in photographs: Slavic contribution. Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Godesy and Aerial Photography. 1992. N6. 54-61 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галушина П.С., Кравчук А.А. Применение авиации в сельском хозяйстве Российской Федерации // Аграрное образование и наука. 2023. N2. C. 8. EDN: VZXBAU.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galushina P., Kravchuk A. The use of aviation in agriculture of the Russian Federation. Agrarian Education and Science. 2023. N2. 8 (In Russian). EDN: VZXBAU.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Monmonier M. Aerial photography at the Agricultural Adjustment Administration: acreage controls, conservation benefits, and overhead surveillance in the 1930s. Photogrammetric Engineering &amp; Remote Sensing. 2002. Vol. 68. N12. 1257-1261.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Monmonier M. Aerial photography at the Agricultural Adjustment Administration: acreage controls, conservation benefits, and overhead surveillance in the 1930s. Photogrammetric Engineering &amp; Remote Sensing. 2002. Vol. 68. N12. 1257-1261 (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bondarev V., Ruday O., Baryshnikova O. Aviation in the agricultural sector: experiments with aviation in the USSR in the 1930-s. E3S. 2021. 273. 07016. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202127307016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bondarev V., Ruday O., Baryshnikova O. Aviation in the agricultural sector: experiments with aviation in the USSR in the 1930-ies. E3S. 2021. 273. 07016 (In English). DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202127307016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куатов Б.Ж., Макаев Т.З. История развития беспилотных летательных аппаратов // Tруды Международного симпозиума «Надежность и качество». 2017. Т. 1. С. 137-139.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuatov B. Zh., Makaev T.Z. A History of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Development. Proceedings of the International Symposium «Reliability and Quality». 2017. Vol. 1. 137-139. EDN: ZDGQTP.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический центр. История продолжается. К 70-летию НТЦ-ЦКБ. Под общей редакцией А.Ю. Чистилина. М.: КЕМ, 2018. 208 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scientific and Technical Center. The Story Goes On. To the 70th anniversary of the STC-CDB. Ed. by A.Yu. Chistilina. Troitsk Variant – Science. Мoscow: KEM. 2019. 208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бычкова И.А. История развития аэрометодов в России в 1880-1950-х годах // Метеорологический вестник. 2010. Т. 3. N1. С. 54-68. EDN: LLOZJJ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bychkova I.A. Evolution of Aerial Methods in Russia from the 1880s to the1950s. Meteorological Bulletin. 2010. Vol. 3. N1. 54-68 (In Russian). EDN: LLOZJJ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гольдман Л.М. Применение цветной аэросъемки для изучения местности (дешифрирование цветных аэроснимков) // Труды Центрального научно-исследовательского института геодезии, аэросъемки и картографии. М.: Геодезиздат, 1960. С. 57-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldman L.M. Application of color aerial photography for terrain analysis (Interpretation of color aerial photographs). Proceedings of the Central Scientific Research Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography. Moscow: Geodesizdat. 1960. 57-63 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mulla D.J. Twenty-five years of remote sensing in precision agriculture: Key advances and remaining knowledge gaps. Biosystems Engineering, Special Issue: Sensing Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture. 2014. Vol. 114. N4. 358-371. DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOSYSTEMSENG.2012.08.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mulla D.J. Twenty-five years of remote sensing in precision agriculture: Key advances and remaining knowledge gaps. Biosystems Engineering, Special Issue: Sensing Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture. 2014. Vol. 114. N4. 358-371 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOSYSTEMSENG.2012.08.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Curran P.J. Aerial photography for the assessment of crop condition: a review. Applied Geography. 1985. 5 (4). 347-360. DOI: 10.1016/0143-6228(85)90012-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Curran P.J. Aerial photography for the assessment of crop condition: a review. Applied Geography. 1985. 5(4). 347-360 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/0143-6228(85)90012-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Z., Wang T., Liu S., et al. Biomass and vegetation coverage survey in the Mu Us sandy land - based on unmanned aerial vehicle RGB images. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 2021. 94. 102239. DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2020.102239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo Z., Wang T., Liu S. et al. Biomass and vegetation coverage survey in the Mu Us sandy land - based on unmanned aerial vehicle RGB images. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 2021. 94. 102239 (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2020.102239.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurbanov R., Litvinov M. Development of a gimbal for the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera for the UAV DJI Phantom 4 Pro. IOP: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020. 012062. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/1001/1/012062.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurbanov R., Litvinov M. Development of a gimbal for the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera for the UAV DJI Phantom 4 Pro. IOP: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020. 012062. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/1001/1/012062.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
