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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-3-4-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История развития систем управления беспилотных воздушных судов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History of unmanned aircraft flight controller development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ценч</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsench</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Сергеевна Ценч, доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya S. Tsench, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), chief researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанов</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanov</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашид Курбанович Курбанов, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rashid K. Kurbanov, Ph.D.(Eng.), leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smedia@vim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ценч Ю.С., Курбанов Р.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ценч Ю.С., Курбанов Р.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsench Y.S., Kurbanov R.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/522">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/522</self-uri><abstract><p>Беспилотные воздушные суда успешно применяются и все более востребованы во многих сферах. Современные системы управления полетом позволяют создавать и программировать беспилотные аппараты для выполнения различных задач. (Цель исследования) Провести ретроспективный анализ развития систем управления с времен появления первых беспилотных летательных аппаратов до полетных контроллеров современных многофункциональных дронов. (Материалы и методы) Выполнили сбор и обработку данных с использованием историко-аналитического метода. Исследовали оригинальные работы отечественных и зарубежных авторов по литературным источникам, статьям в научных журналах, монографиям, материалам конференций, экспозиции музеев, фотоматериалов, а также исходного кода программного обеспечения, размещенного в открытом доступе. (Результаты и обсуждение) Исторический процесс развития беспилотных летательных аппаратов привел к появлению множества типов конструкций, обеспечивающих лучшие полетные характеристики и новые функции благодаря созданию систем управления полетом. В конструкцию беспилотных систем внедрялись передовые  достижения науки, техники и технологий, использовался мировой опыт в области теории и практики авиации. Миниатюризация систем управления полетом способствовала массовому распространению беспилотных аппаратов. Появление интеллектуальных режимов управления полетом обеспечило высокую автономность действий беспилотников. (Выводы) В рамках исследования составлены блок-схемы систем управления беспилотными воздушными судами по мере их развития, также составлена блок-схема, обобщающая эволюцию таких систем с периодизацией отдельных этапов. Выявлены девять таких этапов, в текущий момент основным направлением является разработка систем интеллектуального управления. Установили, что активное расширение областей применения и функций беспилотных летательных аппаратов связано с развитием и улучшением технологий микроэлектромеханических систем. Отметили основные полетные контроллеры, оказавшие большое влияние на усовершенствование беспилотных воздушных судов, спрогнозировали возможные перспективы развития полетных контроллеров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Unmanned aircraft ﬁnd successful applications across various ﬁelds and continue to see increasing demand in numerous sectors. Modern ﬂight control systems empower the creation and programming of unmanned vehicles for a diverse range of tasks.</p><p>(Research purpose) This study aims to retrospectively analyze the evolution of drone control systems, tracing their development from the early unmanned aerial vehicles to the ﬂight controllers of modern multifunctional drones. (Materials and methods) The study employs the historical-analytical method for data collection and processing. This encompasses a thorough examination of original works by both domestic and foreign authors, including literary references, scientiﬁc journal articles, monographs, conference materials, museum exhibitions, photographic archives, and open-access software source code. (Results and discussion) The historical process of unmanned aerial vehicle development has led to the emergence of many types of designs that provide better ﬂight performance and new functions through the creation of ﬂight control systems. Designers integrated worldwide aviation expertise and the latest advancements in science, engineering, and technology to enhance unmanned systems. The miniaturization of ﬂight control systems has facilitated the widespread adoption and application of unmanned aerial vehicle in many domains. The introduction of intelligent ﬂight control modes has ensured a high level of autonomy in drone operations. (Conclusions) In the course of the research into the historical development of control systems for unmanned aerial vehicles, block diagrams illustrating these control systems were created. Additionally, a block diagram was constructed outlining the evolution of these systems, with a periodization of individual stages. The block diagram includes nine stages; with the current emphasis primarily directed towards the advancement of intelligent control systems. The ﬁndings conﬁrm that the extensive diversiﬁcation of unmanned aerial vehicle applications and functionalities is closely linked to the continuous development and enhancement of micro-electromechanical systems technologies. The study identiﬁes the key ﬂight controllers that have signiﬁcantly inﬂuenced the enhancement of unmanned aircraft and have outlined potential directions for the future development of ﬂight controllers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беспилотное воздушное судно</kwd><kwd>беспилотный летательный аппарат</kwd><kwd>система управления полетом</kwd><kwd>полетный контроллер</kwd><kwd>история развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unmanned aircraft</kwd><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicle</kwd><kwd>UAV</kwd><kwd>flight control system</kwd><kwd>flight controller</kwd><kwd>development history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авиация:Энциклопедия / Гл. ред. Г.П. Свищёв. М.: Большая российская энциклопедия, 1994. С. 108-116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aviatsiya: Entsiklopediya [Aviation: Encyclopedia]. Ch. Ed. G.P. 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