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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2023-17-2-61-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-518</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностирование опорных узлов трансмиссии на основе изучения термонагруженности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostics of Transmission Bearing Units Based on Thermal Load Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пастухов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pastukhov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Геннадиевич Пастухов - доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p> Белгородская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr G. Pastukhov - Dr.Sc.(Eng.), professor, head of department</p><p>Belgorod region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pastukhov_ag@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимашов</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timashov</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Петрович Тимашов - доктор технических наук, доцент</p><p> Белгородская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy P. Timashov - Dr.Sc.(Eng.), associate professor</p><p>Belgorod region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timachov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белгородский государственный аграрный университет им. В.Я. Горина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State Agricultural University named after V. Gorin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пастухов А.Г., Тимашов Е.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пастухов А.Г., Тимашов Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pastukhov A.G., Timashov E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/518">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/518</self-uri><abstract><p>Реферат. Отметили, что рабочая температура узла трансмиссии влияет на показатели его надежности и может служить диагностическим критерием. С целью учета влияния на диагностическую температуру узла температуры воздуха, нагрева от солнечной радиации и смежных тепловыделяющих объектов предложили диагностировать техническое состояние по величине температуры в зоне трения. (Цель исследования) Обеспечить контролепригодность подшипникового узла на основе изучения термонагруженности. (Материалы и методы) Использовали результаты расчета номинальной и эксплуатационной нагруженности заднего вала отбора мощности трактора Беларус-82.1. Применили трехмерное моделирование и конечно-элементный анализ распределения температуры в условиях стационарной теплопроводности. Для поиска функциональной зависимости между температурой в зоне трения и диагностической температурой задействовали метод конечно-элементного анализа в условиях стационарной теплопроводности. (Результаты и обсуждение) Для подшипника редуктора вала отбора мощности 60310А определили максимальные нагрузочные режимы и температуры в зоне трения при агрегатировании с различными сельхозмашинами: садовой фрезой ФС-2,0У (540 оборотов в минуту) – 4300 Ньютонов и 2,4 градусов Цельсия; оросительным насосом Rovatti T3K80/90/2 (540) – 4126 и 40,7; разбрасывателем органических удобрений РОУ-6 (1000) – 956 и 13,0; косилкой-плющилкой КПРН-3,0А (1000) – 2615 Ньютонов и 36,6 градусов Цельсия. Установили диагностический критерий – предельную температуру в зоне трения, которая равна: при частоте вращения коленчатого вала двигателя 540 оборотов в минуту – 41,7 градуса Цельсия, при 1000 оборотах в минуту – 31 градус Цельсия. (Выводы) Поскольку непосредственное измерение температуры в зоне трения практически невозможно без изменения конструкции подшипников, предложили определять диагностическую температуру на поверхности узла, применимой для монтажа датчика температуры. Определили коэффициент пропорциональности конечно-элементной модели, равный 0,53. С целью практической реализации диагностирования в автоматическом режиме разработали алгоритм цифрового регистратора неисправности трансмиссии. Изготовили его конструкцию на базе программируемого микроконтроллера ATmega328 и датчиков температуры TMP36. Установили, что цифровой регистратор неисправности трансмиссии обеспечивает автоматический контроль до семи разных узлов трансмиссии одновременно с учетом температуры окружающего воздуха.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract. The operating temperature of the transmission unit is noted to affect its reliability and can serve as a diagnostic criterion. It is proposed to diagnose the transmission unit technical condition by the temperature in the friction zone in order to take into account the influence of air temperature, solar radiation heating and adjacent heat-producing objects. (Research purpose) To ensure the bearing unit controllability based on the thermal load study. (Materials and methods) The study uses the results of calculating the nominal and operational load of the rear power take-off shaft of the Belarus-82.1 tractor. The study uses the three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis of the temperature distribution under steady-state thermal conductivity conditions. To establish the functional relationship between the temperature in the friction zone and the diagnostic temperature, the method of finite element analysis is used under steady-state thermal conductivity conditions. (Results and discussion) The maximum load modes and temperatures in the friction zone were determined for the 60310A bearing of the power take-off shaft gearbox during aggregation with different agricultural machines such as 4300 Newtons and 2.4 degrees Celsius for FS-2.0U garden cutter (540 revolutions per minute); 4126 Newtons and 40.7 degrees Celsius for  Rovatti T3K80/90/2 (540 revolutions per minute) irrigation pump; 956 Newtons and 13.0 degrees Celsius for ROU-6 (1000) manure spreader; 2615 Newtons and 36.6 degrees Celsius for KPRN-3.0A (1000) mower-conditioner. The maximum temperatures as a diagnostic criterion are established in the friction zone, which equal to 41.7 degrees Celsius at 540 revolutions per minute engine speed and 31 degrees Celsius at 1000 revolutions per minute. (Conclusions) Since the direct measurement of the temperature in the friction zone is hardly possible without changing the bearings design, it is proposed to measure the diagnostic temperature on the unit used for mounting the temperature sensor. The coefficient of proportionality k=0.53 of the finite element model is determined. In order to implement diagnostics in an automatic mode, an algorithm is developed for a digital transmission malfunction recorder. Its design is based on the ATmega328 programmable microcontroller and TMP36 temperature sensors. It is found that the digital transmission malfunction recorder provides automatic control of up to seven different transmission units simultaneously, taking into account the ambient temperature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вал отбора мощности</kwd><kwd>цифровой регистратор неисправности трансмиссии</kwd><kwd>конечно-элементный анализ</kwd><kwd>контролепригодность подшипникового узла</kwd><kwd>термодиагностика</kwd><kwd>термонагруженность</kwd><kwd>трактор</kwd><kwd>опорные узлы трансмиссии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>power take-off shaft</kwd><kwd>digital transmission malfunction recorder</kwd><kwd>finite element analysis</kwd><kwd>bearing unit controllability</kwd><kwd>thermal diagnostics</kwd><kwd>thermal load</kwd><kwd>tractor</kwd><kwd>transmission bearing units</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gabitov I., Negovora A., Nigmatullin S., et al. 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