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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-4-26-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ САДОВОДСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACHINERY AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR GARDENING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алгоритм расчета параметров штангового садового опрыскивателя для внесения пестицидов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Algorithm for Calculating the Parameters of a Garden Boom Sprayer for Pesticide Application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Геннадьевич Смирнов, доктор технических наук, заведующий отделом</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor G. Smirnov, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), head of department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rashn-smirnov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Личман</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lichman</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геннадий Иванович Личман, доктор технических наук, главный специалист</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadiy I. Lichman, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), senior specialist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">litchmangiv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марченко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchenko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леонид Анатольевич Марченко, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Marchenko, Ph.D.(Eng.), leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marchenko1312@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнов И.Г., Личман Г.И., Марченко Л.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов И.Г., Личман Г.И., Марченко Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov I.G., Lichman G.I., Marchenko L.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/490">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/490</self-uri><abstract><p>Отметили, что для рационального использования пестицидов в промышленном садоводстве необходимо снизить их расход путем локальной обработки каждого объекта, равномерного распределения рабочей жидкости с заданной нормой по всей кроне деревьев и кустарников. В ходе анализа технического оснащения современного промышленного садоводства в России выявили недостаточный уровень механизации в аспекте управления параметрами как технологического процесса, так и технических средств. (Цель исследования) Разработать алгоритм расчета параметров штангового садового опрыскивателя при обработке плодовых насаждений пестицидами, обеспечивающих их качественное внесение, снижение потерь и уменьшение рисков загрязнения окружающей среды. (Материалы и методы) Использовали аналитические методы оптимизации прикладной математики, теории выбора параметров мобильных сельскохозяйственных машин, критерии оценки качества распределения рабочей жидкости при обработке плодовых насаждений, данные о форме кроны обрабатываемых деревьев и кустарников. (Результаты и обсуждение) Установили, что количество рабочей жидкости, поступающей на единицу длины периметра, и качество распределения зависят от формы эпюры факела распыла, величины перекрытия эпюр распределения, расстояния штанги от оси симметрии дерева или кустарника, удаленности форсунок от штанги, формы эпюры распределения. Получили аналитические зависимости для расчета нормы (дозы) внесения пестицидов и качества их распределения по обрабатываемой поверхности. (Выводы) Разработали алгоритм аналитического расчета параметров штангового садового опрыскивателя, позволяющий оценить влияние на дозу внесения пестицидов и на качество распределения рабочей жидкости пестицидов, характеризуемое коэффициентом вариации. При этом учитывали параметры: эпюру распределения рабочей жидкости пестицидов, количество форсунок на вертикальной штанге опрыскивателя, высоту их расположения на штанге, расстояние от штанги до поверхности кроны, удаленность штанги от ствола обрабатываемого дерева, периметр кроны. Провели верификацию алгоритма при конкретных значениях параметров: расстоянии от вертикальной штанги до оси ствола дерева (кустарника) и форсунок до вертикальной штанги 1,0 и 0,5 метра, высоте расположения форсунок на вертикальной штанге 0,3, 0,8 и 1,3 метра, расходе рабочей жидкости 2,5 литра в минуту, коэффициенте, характеризующем эпюру распределения, 5,61. Рассчитали дозу внесения рабочего раствора пестицида – 174,6 литра на гектар при коэффициенте вариации 4,94 процента, что соответствует агротехническим требованиям на обработку пестицидами плодовых деревьев и кустарников.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> It is noted that for the rational use of pesticides in industrial horticulture, it is necessary to reduce their consumption practicing the local treatment of each plant, uniform distribution of the working fluid at a set rate while treating a tree’s or a shrub’s crown. The analysis of the technical equipment of modern industrial horticulture in Russia reveals an insufficient level of mechanization in terms of managing the parameters of both the technological process and machinery. (Research purpose) To develop an algorithm for calculating the parameters of a boom garden sprayer when treating fruit plants with pesticides, to ensure their high-quality application, reduce losses and eliminate the risks of environmental pollution. (Materials and methods) The research is based on analytical methods of optimization offered by applied mathematics, the theory of choosing the parameters of agricultural mobile machines, criteria for assessing the quality of the working fluid distribution during the fruit plant treatment, data on the crown shape of the trees and shrubs being cultivated. (Results and discussion) It was established that the amount of working fluid per unit length of the perimeter and the quality of distribution depend on the shape of the spray jet distribution diagram, the degree of the distribution diagrams overlap, the distance between the boom and the tree’s or shrub’s axis of symmetry, the distance of the nozzles from the boom, the shape of the distribution diagram. Analytical dependencies were obtained to calculate the rate (dose) of pesticides and the quality of their distribution over the treated surface. (Conclusions) An algorithm for the analytical calculation of a boom garden sprayer parameters was developed, which makes it possible to evaluate the impact on the rate of applying pesticides and on the quality of distributing the pesticide working liquid, characterized by the variation coefficient. At the same time, the following parameters were taken into account: the distribution diagram of the pesticide working fluid, the number of nozzles on the vertical sprayer boom, the height of their location on the boom, the distance from the boom to the crown surface, the distance between the boom and the trunk of the tree treated, the crown perimeter. The algorithm was verified for specific parameter values: the distance of 1.0 meter from the vertical boom to the axis of the tree (shrub) trunk; the distance of 0.5 meter between the nozzles and the vertical bar, the height of the nozzles on the vertical bar of 0.3, 0.8 and 1.3 meter, the working fluid flow rate of 2.5 liters per minute, the coefficient characterizing the distribution diagram of 5.61. The dose of the pesticide working solution to apply was calculated as follows: 174.6 liters per hectare with a coefficient of variation of 4.94 percent, which corresponds to the agrotechnical requirements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>штанговый садовый опрыскиватель</kwd><kwd>плодовые насаждения</kwd><kwd>пестициды</kwd><kwd>доза внесения пестицидов</kwd><kwd>качество распределения рабочей жидкости</kwd><kwd>эпюра распределения рабочей жидкости пестицидов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>boom garden sprayer</kwd><kwd>fruit plants</kwd><kwd>pesticides</kwd><kwd>pesticide application dose</kwd><kwd>quality of working fluid distribution</kwd><kwd>diagram of the pesticide working fluid distribution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликов И.М., Утков Ю.А., Бычков В.В. 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