vimjourСельскохозяйственные машины и технологииAgricultural Machinery and Technologies2073-7599Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-3-55-61vimjour-483Research ArticleТЕХНИКА ДЛЯ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВАMACHINERY FOR ANIMAL INDUSTRYЭффективность фотолюминесцентного метода контроля гомогенности кормовых смесей в животноводствеEfficiency of the Photoluminescent Method for Monitoring the Homogeneity of Feed Mixtures in Animal HusbandryБеляковМ. В.BelyakovM. V.

Михаил Владимирович Беляков, доктор технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Москва

Mikhail V. Belyakov, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), leading

Moscow

bmw20100@mail.ruНикитинЕ. А.NikitinE. A.

Евгений Александрович Никитин, младший научный сотрудник

Москва

Evgeniy A. Nikitin, junior researcher

Moscow

evgeniy.nicks@yandex.ruЕфременковИ. Ю.EfremenkovI. Yu.

Игорь Юрьевич Ефременков, бакалавр

г. Смоленск

Igor Yu. Efremenkov, bachelor’s student

Smolensk

matiusharius@mail.ruФедеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМРоссияFederal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIMRussian FederationФилиал Национального исследовательского университета «МЭИ»РоссияBranch of the National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute in SmolenskRussian Federation2022021020221635561Copyright © Беляков М.В., Никитин Е.А., Ефременков И.Ю., 20222022Беляков М.В., Никитин Е.А., Ефременков И.Ю.Belyakov M.V., Nikitin E.A., Efremenkov I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/483

Провели анализ спектральных систем оценки для контроля гомогенности кормовых смесей. (Цель исследования) Изучить оптические люминесцентные свойства основных составляющих кормовых смесей в ультрафиолетовом и видимом диапазонах и разработать методику фотолюминесцентного контроля их качества. (Материалы и методы) Исследовали две группы компонентов кормовой смеси: гранулированный комбикорм и кукурузный силос. Спектральные характеристики измеряли на спектрофлуориметре «Флюорат-02-Панорама». Установили спектры возбуждения при синхронном сканировании и на их основе определили спектры фотолюминесценции по ранее апробированной методике. (Результаты и обсуждение) В спектрах возбуждения компонентов выявили основные максимумы, соответствующие длине 362 нанометра и 424 нанометра. Определили, что все характеристики фотолюминесценции одномодальны, а измеренные кривые для каждой длины волны возбуждения качественно схожи, но различаются количественно: например, различие потоков комбикорма и светлого силоса составляет 2,4 раза при длине 232 нанометра, 2,8 раза – при 424 и 3,8 раза – при 362 нанометрах. Рекомендовали использовать для возбуждения опытной пробы кормосмеси излучение длины волны 362 нанометра, а фотолюминесценцию регистрировать в диапазоне 390-540 нанометров. Описали этапы методики экспресс-контроля качества смешивания: начальная градуировка по люминесценции комбикорма, пробоподготовка, возбуждение люминесценции смеси, регистрация потока люминесценции, усиление фотосигнала и его обработка по алгоритмам диагностики, после чего следует либо кормораздача, либо продолжение смешивания с повторным экспресс-контролем. (Выводы) Предложили методику оценки качества смешивания компонентов кормовой смеси, которая может быть реализована с помощью компактного спектрального прибора. Выявили, что использование предлагаемого метода в технологическом процессе приготовления кормовой смеси позволит снизить энергетические затраты на смешивание кормов.

The spectral evaluation systems for controlling the feed mixtures homogeneity were analyzed. (Research purpose) To study the optical luminescent properties of the feed mixtures main components in the ultraviolet and visible range and develop a method for their photoluminescent quality control. (Materials and methods) Two groups of feed mixture components were studied: granular compound feed and corn silage. The spectral characteristics were measured by Fluorat-02-Panorama spectrofluorimeter. The synchronous scanning helped to identify the excitation spectra and, on their basis, the photoluminescence spectra were determined according to a previously tested technique. (Results and discussion) The components excitation spectra revealed the main maxima of 362 nanometers and 424 nanometers. All the photoluminescence characteristics proved to be single-modal, for each excitation wavelength, the measured curves are qualitatively similar, but differ quantitatively: for example, the difference in the compound feed and light silage flows is 2.4 times at a length of 232 nanometers, 2.8 times at 424 nanometers and 3.8 times at 362 nanometers. It is advisable to use 362-nanometer wavelength radiation to excite the experimental sample of the feed mixture, and to record photoluminescence within the range of 390-540 nanometers. The method of express quality control of mixing includes the following stages: initial calibration by the compound feed luminescence, sample preparation, mixture luminescence excitation, the luminescence flux registration, photo signal amplifiation and processing according to diagnostic algorithms, followed by either feed distribution or sequel mixing with repeated express control. (Conclusions) The proposed method for assessing the quality of mixing the feed mixture components can be implemented using a compact spectral device. It was found that the use of the proposed method in the technological process of preparing the feed mixture will reduce the energy costs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.