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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-2-53-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-428</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ САДОВОДСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACHINERY AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR GARDENING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование устройства генерации капель искусственного дождя пневмогидравлическим распылением жидкости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Device Substantiation for Generating Artificial Rain Drops by Pneumohydraulic Liquid Spraying</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горобей</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorobey</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Петрович Горобей, доктор технических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Симферополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy P. Gorobey, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), senior research</p><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sector.simf23@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москалевич</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskalevich</surname><given-names>V. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Юрьевич Москалевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>Симферополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim Y. Moskalevich, Ph.D.(Eng.), associate professor</p><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v_moskalevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годжаев</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Godzhaev</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захид Адегизалович Годжаев, доктор технических наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zahid A. Godzhaev, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fic51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский национальный научно-исследовательский институт виноградарства и виноделия «Магарач» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian National Scientific Research Institute of Vineyards and Wine "Magarach"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горобей В.П., Москалевич В.Ю., Годжаев З.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горобей В.П., Москалевич В.Ю., Годжаев З.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorobey V.P., Moskalevich V.Y., Godzhaev Z.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/428">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/428</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовали показатели пневмогидравлического устройства распыления жидкости для орошения, питания и защиты сельскохозяйственных растений с учетом принципов водоэнергосбережения, основанных на предварительном газонасыщении распыливаемой воды и использовании в конструкции аэраторного узла кавитационного эффекта при эжекции и подаче воздуха под давлением. (Цель исследования) Определить технологические показатели пнемогидравлического устройства распыления жидкости для получения искусственного дождя регулируемой дисперсности и обосновать выбор его оптимальных технических параметров в зависимости от режимов работы. (Материалы и методы) Использовали алгоритм расчета параметров в табличном процессоре EXCEL или WPS и математические выражения. (Результаты и обсуждение) Теоретически определили минимальные и максимальные расчетные параметры геометрии конструктивного решения устройства для распыления жидкой фазы: сопла водяного штуцера, канала воздушного штуцера, камеры смешения, среднего кольцевого зазора, выходного сопла. Изменяли показатели рабочего давлениях воды – 0,20; 0,25; 0,30 и 0,35 мегапаскаля; воздуха – 0,25 и 0,30 мегапаскаля при условии расхода воды от 0,002 до 0,010 литра в секунду и воздуха – от 0,0005 до 0,0090 килограмма в секунду. При повышении расхода воды в указанных пределах и коэффициента эжекции от 0,5 до 0,9 выявили линейное увеличение среднего диаметра кольцевого зазора от 2 до 15 миллиметров, а также нелинейную зависимость роста диаметра камеры смешения распылителя с 5 до 20 миллиметров. Показали возможность существенно уменьшить диаметр камеры смешения, если повысить давление воды от 0,25 до 0,35 мегапаскаля и, соответственно, давление воздуха – от 0,20 до 0,30 мегапаскаля. Определили величины параметров для разработки макетных и экспериментальных образцов, которые оказались значительно меньше, чем при работе в режиме эжекции воздуха: выходного сопла и среднего кольцевого зазора – на 16 процентов, канала воздушного штуцера – на 23, диаметра камеры смешения – на 50 процентов и более. (Выводы) Получили расчетные данные для оптимизации технологических параметров и конструктивных решений, что позволит ускорить изготовление макетных и модельных образцов устройства и его экспериментальную апробацию для генерации капель искусственного дождя различной дисперсности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors studied the pneumohydraulic device indicators for spraying liquids for irrigation, nutrition and protection of agricultural plants, taking into account the principles of water and energy conservation, based on preliminary gas saturation of sprayed water and the use of a cavitation effect in the design of the aerator unit during ejection and supply of air under pressure. (Research purpose) To determine the technological parameters of a pneumohydraulic device for spraying liquids to obtain controlled dispersive artificial rain and substantiate the choice of its optimal technical parameters depending on the operating modes. (Materials and methods) The authors used an algorithm for calculating parameters in EXCEL or WPS spreadsheet processor and mathematical expressions. (Results and discussion) The authors theoretically determined the minimum and maximum calculated parameters of the constructive solution geometry for spraying the liquid phase: water nozzle, air nozzle channel, mixing cell, middle annular gap, outlet nozzle. They changed indicators of operating water pressure – 0.20; 0.25; 0.30 and 0.35 megapascals; air – 0.25 and 0.30 megapascals, provided the water flow rate from 0.002 to 0.010 liter per second and air – from 0.0005 to 0.0090 kilogram per second. With an increase in the water flow rate within the specified limits and the ejection coefficient from 0.5 to 0.9, a linear increase in the average annular gap diameter from 2 to 15 millimetres was revealed, as well as a nonlinear dependence of the increase in the sprayer mixing cell diameter from 5 to 20 millimetres. The authors showed the possibility of reducing the mixing cell diameter if the water pressure was increased from 0.25 to 0.35 megapascal's and the air pressure was from 0.20 to 0.30 megapascals. They obtained the parameters values for the designed and experimental samples development, which turned out to be significantly less than when operating in the air ejection mode: the outlet nozzle and the middle annular gap – by 16 percent, the air nozzle – by 23, the diameter of the mixing cell – by 50 percent or more. (Conclusions) The authors obtained calculated data to optimize technological parameters and design solutions, which would speed up the manufacture of designed and model samples of the device and its experimental testing for the generation of dispersive artificial rain drops.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орошение</kwd><kwd>пнемогидравлический дождеватель</kwd><kwd>распыление жидкости</kwd><kwd>эжекция воздуха</kwd><kwd>дисперсность</kwd><kwd>кавитация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>irrigation</kwd><kwd>pneumohydraulic sprayer</kwd><kwd>liquid spraying</kwd><kwd>air ejection</kwd><kwd>dispersion</kwd><kwd>cavitation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamm F.R., Ayars J.E., Nakayama F.S. Developments in Agricultural Engineering: Microirrigation for Crop Production Design, Operation, and Management. 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