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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-1-41-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-426</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка системы точечного внесения жидких средств химизации на основе моделей сверточной нейронной сети</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>System Development for Liquid Chemicals Point Injection Based on Convolutional Neural Network Models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенюк</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenyuk</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Сергеевна Семенюк, студент-магистр</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria S. Semenyuk, master's student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktoriya.semenyuk.98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Александрович Никитин, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Nikitin, postgraduate student, junior researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniy.nicks@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенюк В.С., Никитин Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенюк В.С., Никитин Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenyuk V.S., Nikitin E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/426">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/426</self-uri><abstract><p>Показали, что одна из причин потери урожая – некачественное определение степени пораженности сельскохозяйственных культур патогенами. Предложили систему точечного внесения жидких средств химизации. Выявили возможность расчета необходимого объема удобрений и средств защиты. (Цель исследования) Разработать систему точечного внесения жидких средств для защиты и питания растений на основе модели сверточной нейронной сети. (Материалы и методы) Провели анализ существующих архитектур и методов машинного обучения. При разработке системы использовали U-net-алгоритм сверточных нейронных сетей, а также данные, отображающие заболевания озимой и яровой пшеницы – бурую ржавчину и мучнистую росу. Каждое изображение кадрировали вручную и размечали с помощью специализированной Python-библиотеки. В ходе применения архитектуры экспериментальным путем выбрали оптимальные метрики (jaccard metric), скорость обучения – 0,0001 секунды, количество эпох – 300, а также другие показатели. (Результаты и обсуждение) Установили, что при подаче алгоритму нового, ранее не доступного изображения, он за несколько секунд распознает болезнь и возвращает пользователю не только исходное изображение, но и маску поверх него. Определили точность наложения маски на больной участок – 80 процентов. Показали, что прогнозируемая ошибка на валидационных данных составила 0,18758. На практике она может отличаться от заявленной не более чем на 10-15 процентов. Предложили использовать алгоритм с системой технического зрения. (Выводы) Показали, что несовершенство технических средств для химизации растений повышает расход до 30 процентов относительно объема, необходимого для точечного внесения. Разработали нейросетевой алгоритм для определения пораженных участков растений и предложили концепцию точечного внесения средств химизации растений с целью сокращения затраты при обработке посевов. Определили, что нейросеть способна диагностировать пораженные участки растений за 1 секунду.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors showed that one of the reasons for the yield loss is poor-quality determination of the infection degree of agricultural crops by pathogens. They proposed a system of liquid chemicals point application. They identified the possibility of calculating the required amount of fertilizers and protective equipment. (Research purpose) To develop a system of liquid chemicals point application for plant protection and nutrition based on a convolutional neural network model. (Materials and methods) The authors analyzed the existing methods of machine learning. When developing the system, they used the U-net-algorithm of convolutional neural networks, as well as data displaying diseases of winter and spring wheat – brown rust and powdery mildew. Each image was cropped by hand and marked up using a specialized Python library. In the course of applying the architecture, the authors experimentally chose the optimal metrics (jaccard metric), the learning rate – 0.0001 seconds, the number of epochs – 300, and other indicators. (Results and discussion) The authors found that when a new, previously unavailable image was submitted to the algorithm, it recognized the disease in a few seconds and returned to the user not only the original image, but also a mask over it. The accuracy of applying the mask to the affected area was determined – 80 percent. They showed that the predicted error on the validation data was 0.18758. In practice, it could differ from the declared one by no more than 10-15 percent. The authors suggested using the algorithm with a vision system. (Conclusions) The authors showed that technical means imperfection for plants chemicalization increased the consumption up to 30 percent relative to the volume required for point application. They developed a neural network algorithm for identifying the affected areas of plants and proposed the concept of a point chemicals application in order to reduce the costs of processing crops. It was determined that the neural network was able to diagnose the affected areas of plants in 1 second.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>точечное внесение удобрений</kwd><kwd>внесения средств защиты растений</kwd><kwd>сверточная нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>point fertilization</kwd><kwd>plant protection products application</kwd><kwd>convolutional neural network</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводится при поддержке Фонда содействия инновациям по договору № 524ГУЦЭС8-D3/61976 от 05.10.2020 года</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лачуга Ю.Ф., Измайлов А.Ю., Лобачевский Я.П., Шогенов Ю.Х. 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