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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-1-71-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-418</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNICS AND TECHNOLOGOES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергоустановки на основе парового привода с замкнутой циркуляцией рабочего тела</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power Plants Based on a Steam Drive with a Working Body Closed Circulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майоров</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayorov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Александрович Майоров, доктор технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Mayorov, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solarlab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербаков</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Федорович Щербаков, кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly F. Shcherbakov, Ph.D.(Eng.), associate professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Майоров В.А., Щербаков В.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Майоров В.А., Щербаков В.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mayorov V.A., Shcherbakov V.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/418">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/418</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовали термодинамические характеристики теплоносителей и конструктивные компоненты энергоустановки, обеспечивающие эффективное преобразование тепловой энергии в механическую и электрическую.</p><p>(Цель исследования) Провести моделирование для расчета технологии изготовления конструкции и исследования характеристик энергоустановки на базе парового двигателя с заданными энергетическими параметрами.</p><p>(Материалы и методы) Осуществили математическое моделирование на основе законов тепло- и массообмена. Для создания модели опытного образца парового двигателя использовали принцип рекуперации на основе цикла «жидкость – пар – жидкость» с применением низкотемпературных теплоносителей.</p><p>(Результаты и обсуждение) Показали, что двойное преобразование агрегатного состояния рабочего тела гораздо производительнее его нагрева. Вычислили характеристики, связующие энергетические процессы парообразования низкотемпературного теплоносителя (фреона R-134а) в радиаторе и двигателе. Выявили зависимости: времени нагрева радиатора от 30 градусов Цельсия (температуры окружающей среды) до 100 градусов (предельной рабочей температуры) при различных мощностях источника нагрева (3; 4; 5 киловатт); плотности и средней плотности пара в радиаторе от температуры; мощности парового двигателя и расхода пара фреона от давления 0-3,97 мегапаскаля.</p><p>(Выводы) Определили, что количество рабочего пара, пропорционального его плотности при температуре 90 градусов и давлении 3,6 мегапаскаля, в 4,75 раз меньше количества жидкого фреона, пропорционального его плотности, а при 100 градусах Цельсия и давлении 3,97 мегапаскаля количество рабочего пара в 2 раза меньше, чем жидкого фреона. Выявили лимитированный интервал рабочих температур в паровом двигателе. Доказали, что приведенные методы расчета и характеристики определяют конструкционные и энергетические параметры разрабатываемых энергоустановок на основе парового двигателя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors investigated the heat carriers thermodynamic characteristics and the power plant structural components, which ensured the efficient conversion of thermal energy into mechanical and electrical energy.</p><p>(Research purpose) To conduct modeling for calculating the structure manufacturing technology and studying the power plant characteristics based on a steam engine with given energy parameters.</p><p>(Materials and methods) The authors carried out mathematical modeling based on the heat and mass transfer laws. To create a prototype model of a steam engine, the recuperation principle based on the “liquid–vapor–liquid” cycle with the use of low-temperature heat carriers was used.</p><p>(Results and discussion) The authors showed that double transformation of the aggregation state of the working body was much more efficient than its heating. They calculated the characteristics connecting the energy processes of low-temperature heat carriers vaporization (freon R-134a) in the radiator and engine. They revealed dependencies: the radiator heating time from 30 degrees Celsius (ambient temperature) to 100 degrees (maximum operating temperature) at different powers of the heating source (3; 4; 5 kilowatts); density and average density of steam in the radiator from temperature; the steam engine power and the freon steam consumption from the pressure of 0-3.97 megapascals.</p><p>(Conclusions) The authors determined that the working steam amount, proportional to its density at a temperature of 90 degrees and a pressure of 3.6 megapascals, was 4.75 times less than the liquid freon amount, proportional to its density, at 100 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 3.97 megapascals, the working steam amount was 2 times less than liquid freon. They revealed a limited range of operating temperatures in a steam engine. It was proved that these calculation methods and characteristics determined the structural and energy parameters of the developed power plants based on a steam engine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергоустановка</kwd><kwd>паровые двигатели</kwd><kwd>легкокипящие жидкости</kwd><kwd>рекуперация</kwd><kwd>замкнутая циркуляция рабочего тела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>power plant</kwd><kwd>steam engines</kwd><kwd>low-boiling liquids</kwd><kwd>recuperation</kwd><kwd>closed circulation of the working fluid.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карно С. Размышления о движущей силе огня и о машинах, способных развивать эту силу. М.–Л. 1923. 2009. 512.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karno S. 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