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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-4-26-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-401</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРЕДПОСЕВНАЯ ОБРАБОТКА СЕМЯН</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRESOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование параметров гравитационной очистительной колонки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Justification of the Gravitational Seed Cleaning System Parameters</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамуев</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamuev</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Геннадьевич Хамуев, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г.Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor G. Khamuev, Ph.D.(Eng.), leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">victor250476@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хамуев В.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хамуев В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khamuev V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/401">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/401</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовали гравитационный способ сепарации зернового вороха, при котором очистка от крупных и мелких примесей осуществляется без затрат электроэнергии, при самотечном движении материала в вертикальных очистительных колонках по неподвижным зигзагообразно размещенным сепарирующим гребенкам.</p><p>(Цель исследования) Изучить работу гравитационной колонки на очистке селекционных семян и обосновать ее конструктивные параметры.</p><p>(Материалы и методы) Разработали макетный образец гравитационной колонки. Экспериментально определили: диаметр зубьев гребенок; пропускную способность колонки; возможность более полного выделения из исходного материала фракции «семена»; полноту выделения крупных примесей. Сравнили работу гравитационной колонки и плоского качающегося решета. Оценили заклинивание гребенок семенами очищаемой культуры.</p><p>(Результаты и обсуждение) Отметили, что на очистке пшеницы при производительности 45,6 килограмма в час выход фракции «отход» составил 0,5 процента, потери 0,07 процента, а при производительности 227,8 килограмма в час, соответственно, 0,98 и 0,35 процента, что отвечает исходным требованиям на основные технологические операции для послеуборочной обработки селекционных семян.</p><p>(Выводы) Установили, что гравитационная колонка для выделения мелких примесей селекционных семян пшеницы с высокой эффективностью разделяет частицы, если они отличаются друг от друга по толщине не менее 0,3 миллиметра при зазоре между прутками гребенки 2,0 миллиметра и диаметре поперечного сечения прутка 0,9 миллиметра. Определили, что высокая производительность – до 150 килограммов в час – возможна при поперечном сечении колонки со сторонами 60 и 70 миллиметров. Выявили практически одинаковое качество разделения материала при выделении мелких примесей с помощью как решета, так и гравитационной колонки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author researched the gravitational method of separating a grain heap, in which cleaning from large and small impurities was carried out without energy consumption, with the gravity material fl ow in vertical cleaning columns along fi xed zigzag separating combs.</p><p>(Research purpose) To study the gravity column operation for cleaning selection seeds and substantiate its design parameters.</p><p>(Materials and methods) A prototype gravity column was developed. The author experimentally determined: the combs teeth diameter; column throughput; the possibility of a more complete separation of the seed fraction from the basic material; completeness of large impurities separation. He compared the work of the gravity column and the fl at rocking sieve. He assessed the combs jamming by the cleaned culture seeds.</p><p>(Results and discussion) The author noted that on wheat cleaning at a productivity of 45.6 kilogram per hour, the yield of the "waste" fraction was 0.5 percent, a loss of 0.07 percent, and at a productivity of 227.8 kilogram per hour – 0.98 and 0.35 percent, which corresponded to the initial requirements for the main technological operations for post-harvest processing of selection seeds.</p><p>(Conclusions) It was found that a gravity column for separating selection wheat seeds small impurities separated particles with high effi ciency if they diff ered from each other in thickness of at least 0.3 millimeter with a gap between the comb bars of 2.0 millimeter and a bar cross-section diameter of 0.9 millimeter. It was determined that high productivity – up to 150 kilogram per hour – was possible with a column cross-section with sides of 60 and 70 millimeter. The author revealed practically the same quality of material separation when separating small impurities using both a sieve and a gravity column.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>очистка семян</kwd><kwd>сепарация зернового вороха</kwd><kwd>гравитационная очистительная колонка</kwd><kwd>воздушно-решетная машина</kwd><kwd>энергосбережение</kwd><kwd>производительность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seed cleaning</kwd><kwd>grain heaps separation</kwd><kwd>gravity wash column</kwd><kwd>air-sieve machine</kwd><kwd>energy saving</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jokić G., Prole S., Butaš D., Sedlar A., Bugarin R., Turan J. Analysis the Parameters of Quality Sunflower Hybrid Seed after Processing on Fine Cleaner, Trijer Machine and Gravity Separator. Savremena poljoprivredna tehnika. 2016. 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