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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-4-17-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-400</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРЕДПОСЕВНАЯ ОБРАБОТКА СЕМЯН</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRESOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основы и перспективы развития технологий послеуборочной обработки зерна и подготовки семян</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamentals and Prospects for the Technologies Development for Post-Harvest Grain Processing and Seed Preparation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дринча</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drincha</surname><given-names>V. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Михайлович Дринча , доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily M. Drincha,Dr.Sc.(Eng.), professor</p><p>Yakutsk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vdrincha@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ценч</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsench</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Сергеевна Ценч , кандидат педагогических наук</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Tsench, Ph.D.(Ed.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Арктический государственный агротехнологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Arctic State Agrotechnological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дринча В.М., Ценч Ю.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дринча В.М., Ценч Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drincha V.М., Tsench Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/400">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/400</self-uri><abstract><p>Определили основные факторы, существенно повлиявшие на технологическое обеспечение процессов послеуборочной обработки в течение нескольких десятилетий. Показали, что в последние годы перед многими хозяйствами встала необходимость решения проблемы повышения качества семян и уменьшения их потерь в процессе послеуборочной обработки зерна в кратчайшие сроки.</p><p>(Цель исследований) Провести исторический анализ машинных технологий послеуборочной обработки зерна и подготовки семян и определить перспективные направления их развития.</p><p>(Материалы и методы) Использовали историко-аналитический метод в приложении к техническим системам, в частности к технологи-ям послеуборочной обработки зерна и подготовки семян. Объекты исследований – оригинальные работы отечественных и зарубежных авторов за более чем 100-летний период и другая нормативно-техническая документация.</p><p>(Результаты и обсуждение) Представили результаты эволюции машинных технологий послеуборочной обработки зерна и подготовки семян в РФ в течение последних 100 лет. Рассмотрели научные, технологические, технические и организационные вопросы развития машинных технологий обработки зерна и подготовки семян. Определили, что научные основы создания отечественных сепарирующих машин были разработаны в 30-е годы прошлого века. Отметили, что в 1934 году создана и поставлена на производство первая отечественная передвижная зерноочистительная машина производительностью 10 тонн в час на очистке зерна и 6-8 тонн в час – на очистке семян. Выявили последующие ключевые этапы: в 60-х годах разработана поточная технология послеуборочной обработки зерна; к концу 70-х годов с завершением работ по созданию агрегатов и комплексов все процессы послеуборочной обработки зерна впервые в стране были полностью механизированы.</p><p>(Выводы) Доказали, что производительность труда в отрасли повысилась в 7-10 раз, в 2-3 раза снизилась стоимость обработки зерна, сократились его потери, ручной, неквалифицированный труд был исключен. Определили перспективные направления развития технологий обработки зерна и подготовки семян.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors identifi ed the main factors that infl uenced signifi cantly the technological support of post-harvest processing processes over the past decades. They showed that in recent years, many farms faced the necessity to solve the problem of improving the seeds quality and reducing their losses in the process of post-harvest processing of grain in the shortest possible time.</p><p>(Research purpose) To conduct a historical analysis of machine technologies for post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation and determine promising directions for their development.</p><p>(Materials and methods) The authors used the historicalanalytical method applied to technical systems, in particular, to technologies of post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation. The research objects were the original works of domestic and foreign authors for more than a 100-year period and other regulatory and technical documentation.</p><p>(Results and discussion) The authors presented the results of the machine technologies for postharvest grain processing and seed preparation evolution in the Russian Federation over the past 100 years. They considered the scientifi c, technological, technical and organizational issues of the machine technologies for grain processing and seed preparation development. It was determined that the scientifi c foundations for creating domestic separating machines were developed in the 30s of the last century. They noted that in 1934 the fi rst domestic mobile grain cleaning machine with a capacity of 10 tons per hour for cleaning grain and 6-8 tons per hour for cleaning seeds was created and put into production. The following key stages were identifi ed: in the 60s, an in-line technology of post-harvest grain processing was developed; by the end of the 70s, with the completion of work on the creation of units and complexes, all processes of post-harvest grain processing for the fi rst time in the country were fully mechanized.</p><p>(Conclusions) The authors proved that labor productivity in the industry increased 7-10 times, the cost of grain processing decreased 2-3 times, its losses decreased, manual, unskilled labor was excluded. They identifi ed promising directions for the development of grain processing and seed preparation technologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семена</kwd><kwd>зерно</kwd><kwd>послеуборочная обработка зерна</kwd><kwd>зерноочистительные машины</kwd><kwd>семяочистительные машины</kwd><kwd>зерносушильные машины</kwd><kwd>технологии поточной подготовки семян</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seeds</kwd><kwd>grain</kwd><kwd>post-harvest grain processing</kwd><kwd>grain cleaning machines</kwd><kwd>seed cleaning machines</kwd><kwd>grain dryers</kwd><kwd>technologies of in-line seed preparation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poonia T.C. History of seed production and its key issues. International Journal of Food, Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences. 2013. 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