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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-3-27-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИЗАЦИЯ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANIZATION OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тенденции развития биотехнических систем в животноводстве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trends in the Development of Biotechnical Systems in Animal Husbandry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирсанов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirsanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Вячеславович Кирсанов, доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Kirsanov, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), chief researcher</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цой</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsoy</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Алексеевич Цой, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy A. Tsoy, corresponding member of RAS, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), chief researcher</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">femaks@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кирсанов В.В., Цой Ю.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кирсанов В.В., Цой Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirsanov V.V., Tsoy Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/389">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/389</self-uri><abstract><p>Понятие биотехнических систем относится к классу человеко-машинных систем или систем «Человек–машина–растение», «Человек–машина–животное», последние относятся к сельскому хозяйству и отрасли животноводства, в частности. В сельскохозяйственном производстве биотехнические системы обладают свойствами бимодальности, когда присутствуют два и более биологических объекта, человек как управляющий оператор и объект обслуживания (растения, животные).</p><p>(Цель исследования) Проанализировать тенденции развития биомашинных и технических систем с целью дальнейшей интеллектуализации и цифровой трансформации сельскохозяйственного производства.</p><p>(Материалы и методы) Отметили, что в исследовании человеко-машинных систем существует два подхода: антропоцентрический и машиноцентрический; первый решающую роль отводит человеку, второй – машине.</p><p>(Результаты и обсуждение) Рассмотрели функционалы подсистем «Человека» и «Машины»; часть функций человека-оператора будут постепенно передавать «Машине», а человек-оператор будет трансформирован в человека-эксперта и человека-пользователя. Разработали схему интеллектуальной биотехнической системы в животноводстве, определили коэффициенты адаптации локальных автоматизированных и роботизированных биотехнических систем к биологическим объектам. Создали схему функционирования локальных биотехнических систем в частично автономном режиме мультиагентного управления, выявили критерии оценки функционирования локальных биотехнических систем.</p><p>(Выводы) Необходимо усиление «машинного» фактора на основе развивающейся машиноцентрической модели и преобразования сложной трехзвенной биотехнической системы в животноводстве в двухзвенную с поляризацией подсистем «Человек-эксперт», «Человек-пользователь» и «Машина–животное», при этом последняя вбирает в себя все больше интеллектуальных функций, переданных «Человеком», за которым сохраняется контроль, координация и управление всей системой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The concept of biotechnical systems belongs to the class of human-machine systems or human–machine–plant systems, human–machine–animal systems. The latter relate to agriculture and the livestock industry. In agricultural production, biotechnical systems have the properties of bimodality, when there are two or more biological objects, a person as a managing operator and a service object (plants, animals).</p><p>(Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing trends in the development of biomachine and technical systems in order to further intellectualize and digitalize agricultural production.</p><p>(Materials and methods) There are two approaches in the study of human-machine systems: anthropocentric and machine-centric; the first one assigns a crucial role to the person, the second one – to the machine.</p><p>(Results and discussion) The article presents the functionality of the Human and Machine subsystems. Part of the functions of the Human operator will gradually be transferred to the Machine, and the Human operator will be transformed into a human Expert and a human User. The article presents a scheme for an intelligent biotechnical system in animal husbandry, and determines the coefficients of adaptation of local automated and robotic biotechnical systems to biological objects. Authors have created a scheme for the functioning of local biotechnical systems in a partially autonomous multi-agent control mode, and identifies criteria for evaluating the functioning of local biotechnical systems.</p><p>(Conclusions) We need to strengthen the Machine factor on the basis of developing machine-centric models and convert complex three-tier system of biotech in animal husbandry in two-tier with the polarization of the human Expert, human User and Machine–Animal subsystems. The latter absorbs more and more intelligent functions that are passed by a Man, for which it retained control, coordination and management of the entire system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биотехническая система</kwd><kwd>биомашсистема</kwd><kwd>локальная биотехническая система</kwd><kwd>уровни адаптации</kwd><kwd>машиноцентрическая модель</kwd><kwd>человек-оператор</kwd><kwd>человек-пользователь</kwd><kwd>человек-эксперт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biotechnical system</kwd><kwd>biomachine system</kwd><kwd>local biotechnological system</kwd><kwd>adaptation levels</kwd><kwd>machine-centric model</kwd><kwd>human operator</kwd><kwd>human user</kwd><kwd>human expert</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горячкин В.П. Земледельческая механика Ч. 1: Основы теории земледельческих машин и орудий: 1917-1918. 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