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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-2-40-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-324</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экологическая безопасность транспортно-технологических средств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Environmental Safety of Transport and Technological Vehicles</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годжаев</surname><given-names>Захид Адыгезалович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Godzhaev</surname><given-names>Zakhid A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">fic51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврамов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avramov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Николай Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусов</surname><given-names>Борис Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousov</surname><given-names>Boris N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добромиров</surname><given-names>Виктор Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobromirov</surname><given-names>Viktor N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НПФ «ЭлектроГидроДинамика», Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“ElektroGidroDinamika” Company, St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Годжаев З.А., Аврамов Д.В., Мартынов Н.В., Белоусов Б.Н., Добромиров В.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Годжаев З.А., Аврамов Д.В., Мартынов Н.В., Белоусов Б.Н., Добромиров В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Godzhaev Z.A., Avramov D.V., Martynov N.V., Belousov B.N., Dobromirov V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/324">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/324</self-uri><abstract><p>Реферат. Интенсификация производства, рост парка машин с двигателями внутреннего сгорания, а также увеличение эксплуатационной массы транспортно-технологических средств с каждым годом все больше обостряют экологическую ситуацию в мире. (Цель исследования) Выявить основные факторы воздействия транспортно-технологических средств на окружающую среду и проблемы, связанные с их утилизацией, а также с утилизацией автомобильных и тракторных шин. (Материалы и методы) Обобщили материалы, опубликованные в периодической печати, а также результаты испытаний транспортно-технологических средств – стендовых, полигонных и эксплуатационных. (Результаты и обсуждение) Выявили проблему разрушающего воздействия колесного движителя на опорную поверхность дороги, почвы и почвенный покров. Провели замеры под пятном контакта нескольких типов движителей. Определили величины напряженно-деформированного состояния почвы от воздействия этих движителей в виде распределения эпюр нормальных напряжений. Изучили влияние конструктивных особенностей транспортно-технологических средств при их криволинейном движении на размер колеи и разрушение почвы. Выделили характерные зоны следа. Заключили, что зимой уровень экологического загрязнения зависит от состояния дорожного покрытия и использования химических реагентов для борьбы с гололедом. Рассмотрели возможность использования электрогидравлической технологии при утилизации транспортно-технологических средств. Отметили необходимость формирования нормативно-правовых документов при создании, эксплуатации и утилизации транспортно-технологических средств с учетом зарубежного опыта по организации системы экологического управления, а также экологического аудита и маркировки, порядка оценки экологичности производственных систем и продукции на всех стадиях жизненного цикла. (Выводы) Представили основные факторы воздействия транспортно-технологических средства на окружающую среду в период жизненного цикла, вплоть до полной утилизации. Доказали необходимость безопасной и энергосберегающей электрогидравлической технологии утилизации электронных компонент и аккумуляторных батарей транспортно-технологических средств, базирующейся на избирательном разрушении пластиковых корпусов и выделении чистых благородных, редкоземельных и других металлов и их сплавов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract. Intensified production, an increased fleet of vehicles with internal combustion engines, as well as increased operational mass of transport and technological vehicles continuously aggravate the environmental situation in the world every year. (Research purpose) To identify the main impacts made by the transport and technological vehicles on the environment and the problems associated with their disposal, as well as with the disposal of automobile and tractor tires. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals, as well as the results of bench, field and operational tests of the transport and technological vehicles. (Results and discussion) The authors have identified the problem of the destructive impact of the wheeled movers on the supporting road surface, the soil and the soil cover. Measurements have been taken under the contact area of several mover types and the values of the stress-strained state of the soil affected by these movers have been determined in the form of the distribution of normal stress diagrams. The authors have also studied the influence of the design features of transport and technological vehicles performing curvilinear motion on the track size and soil destruction and identified characteristic patterns of the track. Conclusion has been made that in winter the level of environmental pollution depends on the road surface condition and the use of chemical reagents for deicing. The authors have considered a possibility of using electrical-and-hydraulic technology for the disposal of transport and technological vehicles and stressed the need to form regulatory documents for the designing, operation and disposal of transport and technological vehicles, taking into account foreign experience in organizing the environmental management system, as well as environmental auditing and labeling, the procedure for assessing the environmental performance of production systems and products at all life cycle stages. (Conclusions) The paper presents the main impact factors of the transport and technological vehicles on the environment during their life cycle up to full disposal. The authors have proved the need for a safe and energy-saving electro-hydraulic technology for the disposal of electronic components and batteries of transport and technological vehicles based on selective destruction of plastic casings and the separation of pure noble, rare-earth and other metals and their alloys.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экологическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>утилизация</kwd><kwd>автомобиль</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>окружающая среда</kwd><kwd>почвенный покров</kwd><kwd>электрогидравлическая технология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ecological safety</kwd><kwd>disposal</kwd><kwd>automobile</kwd><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>soil cover</kwd><kwd>electrical-and-hydraulic technology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусов Б.Н., Шухман С.Б. 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