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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-2-15-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNICS AND TECHNOLOGOES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение ориентированной на пользователя конструкции и  многофакторного подхода при внедрении инноваций на примере  проектирования комбинированной сеялки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>User-Centred Design and Multi-Actor Approach in Agricultural Innovations – Case: Combi Drill Design</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаапала</surname><given-names>Ханну</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Haapala</surname><given-names>Hannu</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">hannu.haapala@agrinnotech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Agrinnotech, Сейняйоки</institution><country>Финляндия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agrinnotech, Seinäjoki</institution><country>Finland</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хаапала Х., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хаапала Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Haapala H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/320">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/320</self-uri><abstract><p>Реферат. Показали, что современные технологии не всегда соответствуют ожиданиям фермеров, а это отрицательно сказывается не темпах внедрения инноваций. Подтвердили, что разработчики сельхозтехники недостаточно четко понимают контекст использования продуктов. Выявили необходимость использования многофакторного подхода: партнерам, обладающим специальными знаниями в разных областях, следует объединять усилия в проектной деятельности на всех этапах внедрения инноваций. (Цель исследования) Доказать, что ориентированная на пользователя конструкция и многофакторный подход при разработке сельскохозяйственных машин повышают их эффективность и ускоряют внедрение инноваций. (Материалы и методы) Показали, что в финских исследованиях и разработках конструкции сельскохозяйственных машин в процесс были включены многочисленные участники и конечные пользователи. Например, комбинированную сеялку Junkkari W700 с шириной захвата 7 метров финский производитель Junkkari разработал в тесном сотрудничестве инженеров и фермеров. (Результаты и осуждение) Подтвердили, что такой подход помогает реализовать несколько преимуществ, прежде всего простоту и удобство в эксплуатации и обслуживании сеялки, а также умеренную стоимость по сравнению с пневматическими аналога-ми. Потребность в гидравлике сведена к минимуму, а междурядное расстояние и конструкция сошников оптимизированы, что позволяет использовать экономичные тракторы с умеренной тягой. При агрегатировании с трак-торами предусмотрены как система ISOBUS, так и дополнительный комплект кабелей и выводов. Установили, что фермеры могут легко интегрировать сеялку в существующие типы машин, используя современные или старые тракторы, без дополнительных затрат на новые тракторы. Подтвердили качество конструкции, например, индивидуальные дозаторы для каждого сошника обеспечивают точную дозировку семян и удобрений. (Выводы) Доказали, что ориентированная на пользователя конструкция и многофакторный подход имеют преимущества как для фермеров, так и для машиностроителей. Определили, что сокращение количества этапов внедрения инноваций ускорит инновационный процесс и сэкономит ресурсы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract.The author has shown that modern technologies do not always meet the expectations of farmers, and this may adversely affect the pace of innovation. It has been confirmed that the developers of agricultural equipment do not clearly understand the context of the use of products and identified the need to use a multi-factor approach: therefore, partners possessing specific knowledge in different areas should join efforts in project activities at all stages of innovation. (Research purpose) To prove that a user-centered design and a multi-factor approach in the development of agricultural machinery increase their efficiency and accelerate the introduction of innovations. (Materials and methods) It is shown that Finnish research and development projects of agricultural machinery design involve numerous participants and end users. For example, the seven-metre-wide combi drill ‘Junkkari W700’ was designed by the Finnish manufacturer Junkkari Oy in close cooperation with end-users and researchers. As a result of the innovation process several benefits have been realized. The drill is easy to operate and service. The users appreciate the straight-forward construction and moderate cost of the drill as compared to competing pneumatic drills. The need for hydraulics is minimized and the row spacing and coulter design has been optimized so that economical tractors with moderate drawbar power can be used. The ISOBUS-based control electronics was designed to be fitted either in the existing tractor or, if ISOBUS is missing, with an optional cable-set and terminal. That enables the users to easily integrate the drill in existing machine chains, having either modern or older tractors, without extra tractor investments. Much attention was put on quality, e.g. individual feeders for every coulter give accurate dosage of seed and fertilizer. The prototyping together with end-users and researchers enabled Junkkari to speed up the innovation process. (Results and discussion) Several benefits proved to have been realized. First of all, the drill is easy to operate and service. The users appreciate the straight-forward construction and moderate cost of the drill as compared to competing pneumatic drills. The need for hydraulics is minimized and the row spacing and coulter design has been optimized so that economical tractors with moderate drawbar power can be used. The ISOBUS-based control electronics as well as an optional cable-set and terminal were designed to be fitted either in the existing tractor. That enables the users to easily integrate the drill in existing machine types, having either modern or older tractors, without extra tractor investments. The design quality was approved, e.g. individual feeders for every coulter give accurate metering of seeds and fertilizers. (Conclusions) The author proves that user-centered design and multi-factor approach methodologies have benefits both for the users and manufacturers. Swift innovation process saves resources and minimizes the need for excess iterations in the innovation process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd><kwd>разработка сельскохозяйственных машин</kwd><kwd>внедрение инноваций</kwd><kwd>ориентиро-ванная на пользователя конструкция</kwd><kwd>многофакторный подход</kwd><kwd>комбинированная сеялка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agriculture</kwd><kwd>farm machinery designing</kwd><kwd>innovation introduction</kwd><kwd>user-centred design</kwd><kwd>multi-factor approach</kwd><kwd>combined drill</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The ´Speeding up innovation in agriculture´ project  was funded by OECD Joint Research Programme, and  the ´AgriSpin´ by EU Research and Innovation pro-gramme Horizon 2020.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCraw T. 2010. 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