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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vimjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Machinery and Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7599</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-1-9-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vimjour-310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNICS AND TECHNOLOGOES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рациональный способ формирования стерневых кулис в Северном Казахстане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rational Way of Forming Stubble Coulisses under North Kazakhstan Conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астафьев</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astaf'ev</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Леонидович Астафьев - доктор технических наук, профессор.</p><p>Костанай</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir L. Astaf’ev - Dr.Sc.(Eng.), professor.</p><p>Kostanay</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladast01@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский научно­-исследовательский институт механизации и электрификации сельского хозяйства</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rational Way of Forming Stubble Coulisses under North Kazakhstan Conditions</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Астафьев В.Л., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Астафьев В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Astaf'ev V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/310">https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/310</self-uri><abstract><p>Повышению урожайности в условиях засушливой степи Северного Казахстана препятствует отсутствие влаги. Из­-за ее недостатка в почве в начальный период вегетации зачастую получают недружные и изреженные всходы. Основной источник влаги в почве в этот период – зимние осадки. Для их накопления хозяйства Северного Казахстана применяют различные способы: оставление высокой стерни; посев кулис на чистых парах; гербицидный пар; механическое снегозадержание; очес сельскохозяйственных культур в уборочный период, формирование стерневых кулис. Предпочтение отдают формированию стерневых кулис двумя способами.</p><p>Цель исследования Оценить эффективность способов формирования стерневых кулис.</p><p>Материалы и методы Применяли агротехническую и эксплуатационно­технологическую оценку разных способов формирования стерневых кулис с последующим выбором наиболее предпочтительного варианта.</p><p>Результаты и обсуждение Установили, что  в снежные зимы способы формирования стерневых кулис чередующими проходами хедера и очесывающей жатки, и применением хедера с очесывающим адаптером показали равнозначные результаты. В малоснежные зимы второй вариант обеспечил наибольшее накопление снега.</p><p>Выводы Подтвердили экспериментально, что применение хедера с очесывающим адаптером снижает затраты труда на 17,8 процента, а совокупные затраты – на 23,8 процента по сравнению со способом формирования стерневых кулис сочетанием проходов хедера и очесывающей жатки. Установили, что формирование стерневых кулис с межкулисным расстоянием 5­9 метров в сочетании со щелеванием на глубину до 35 сантиметров обеспечивает наибольшую прибавку урожая в снежные зимы по сравнению с известными способами накопления влаги.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main limiting factor for increasing yields in the arid steppe conditions of Northern Kazakhstan is moisture. Shoots are usually uneven due to the lack of moisture at the initial stage of their growing. The main source of moisture in this period is winter precipitation. Currently, the following methods of winter precipitation moisture accumulation are used in North Kazakhstan: leaving high standing stubble, seeding coulisses on pure fallow fields, herbicide (chemical) fallow field, snow ridging, harvesting of crops with continuous combining; and forming stubble coulisses. The most preferable way of increasing snow moisture accumulation is the formation of stubble coulisses that can be done in two ways.</p><p>Research purpose Efficiency evaluation of the ways of forming stubble coulisses.</p><p>Materials and methods Agroengineering and technological evaluation is used as a main research method of different ways of forming stubble coulisses, which is followed by the selection of a more preferable way.</p><p>Results and discussion It has been found that in snowy winter both ways of forming stubble coulisses – with alternative passes of a direct combining reaper and a stripping reaper and using a direct combining reaper with a stripper adapter – have shown the same results. However, when there is a little snow in winter, the second way provides more intensive snow accumulation.</p><p>Conclusions It has been experimentally found that using the direct combining reaper with the stripper adapter decreases labour inputs by 17.8% and total costs by 23.8% as compared to the formation of coulisses by using sequential passes of the direct combining and the stripping reapers. It has been found that the formation of stubble coulisses every 5-9 meters along with in-line para-plowing at a depth of up to 35 cm provides the highest yield increase of in snowy winter as compared to the conventional ways of moisture accumulation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>засуха</kwd><kwd>почвенная влага</kwd><kwd>снегозадержание</kwd><kwd>влагонакопление</kwd><kwd>формирование стерневых кулис</kwd><kwd>хедер с очесывающим адаптером</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drought</kwd><kwd>soil moisture</kwd><kwd>snow accumulation</kwd><kwd>moisture accumulation</kwd><kwd>formation of stubble coulisses</kwd><kwd>header with a stripper adapter</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бараев А.И. Новое земледелие восточных районов страны // Избр. тр. В 3 т. Алматы: 2008. Т. 2. 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